# Law 1: Objectives (Official Baseball Rules)

Baseball · Law 1: Objectives · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/baseball/laws/law-1-objectives/)

What each team is trying to do, how a run is scored, the third-out exceptions that stop a run counting, and who wins the game.

## 1.11 Offence, Defence and the Run

The aims of the team at bat and the team in the field, the run, and the terms runner, batter-runner and base.

### Test 1: The aims of the two teams and how a run is scored

- The offence wants its batters to become runners and its runners to advance all the way to home plate. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.1)
- The defence tries to keep batters from reaching base and to stop runners moving round the bases. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.2)
- A runner who touches all the bases legally scores one run, however he got on base. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3)
- Each team's aim is to score more runs than its opponent; hits, outs and runners left are not what decides it. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.4)
- A run is scored by touching first, second, third and home plate, in that order. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.70)
- With fewer than three out, a runner who touches all four bases in order scores a run at once. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3)
- A runner is an offensive player who is advancing to, returning to, or touching a base. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.73)
- The batter-runner is the offensive player who has just finished his turn at bat, until the play he started is over. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.8)
- A batter finishes his time at bat, is a batter-runner until the play ends, becomes a runner on base and scores at home plate. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.8, 6.73, 6.70)
- A base is one of the four points a runner must touch to score: usually the canvas bags, plus the rubber home plate. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.4)

## 1.12 Third Outs and the Winner

When a run crossing the plate does not count, a run that stands, the walk-off with the bases loaded, and the winner.

### Test 1: When a run does not count, and who wins

- No run scores on a play in which the third out is made by any runner being forced out, whenever the run crossed. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)
- A run does not score when the third out is a preceding runner declared out for failing to touch a base. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)
- The batter-runner had already touched first, and a tag out is not a force, so the run that crossed first stands. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)
- A run does not score if the runner touches home plate while the third out is being made. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3)
- The winner is the team that has scored more runs, in accordance with the rules, when the game ends. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.5)
- A run legally scored cannot be nullified by the runner's later actions, such as trying to return to a base. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)
- With the winning run forced home, the game ends only when the runner from third touches home plate and the batter-runner touches first. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.2)
- Three outs end a half-inning, two half-innings make an inning, and a regulation game is a set number of innings. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.47)
- The appeal at first turns the missed base into the third out; as that out came from the batter-runner, nothing that crossed on the play scores. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)
- When the third out is made by the batter-runner before he touches first base, no run scores on that play. (Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1)

Sources: WBSC Official Rules of Baseball 2025-2026, Rule 1 (with the scoring rule 10.8 and the terms of Rule 6 it relies on) (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the Rules, not reproduced)

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