# Law 34: Personal Foul (FIBA Official Basketball Rules)

Basketball · Law 34: Personal Foul · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/basketball/laws/law-34-personal-foul/)

What a personal foul is, the late-game throw-in foul, and the throw-ins and free throws that follow.

## 34.341 Personal and Throw-in Fouls

The definition, the actions it covers and the throw-in foul.

### Test 1: What a personal foul is

- A personal foul is a player's illegal contact with an opponent. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.1)
- Live ball or dead, illegal contact can still be called. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.1)
- Impeding an opponent by bending the body into an abnormal position outside the cylinder is listed as a personal foul. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.1)
- Holding, blocking, pushing, charging, tripping and impeding are listed; travelling is a violation. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.1)
- A throw-in foul applies when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the 4th quarter and in each overtime. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.2)
- A throw-in foul is committed while the ball is out of bounds for a throw-in and at the thrower-in's disposal. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.2)
- A throw-in foul is a defensive player's foul on an opponent on the court. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.2)
- All four together make it a throw-in foul. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.2)
- Tripping an opponent is one of the listed personal fouls. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.1)
- Only A has under 2:00 of the 4th quarter with the ball out and at the thrower's disposal. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.1.2)

## 34.342 The Penalty

Throw-ins, free throws for shooters and the throw-in foul penalty.

### Test 1: Throw-ins and free throws

- Without a shot and below the team-foul penalty, the non-offending team throws in from the place nearest the infraction. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.1)
- A successful shot counts and the shooter adds 1 free throw. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)
- A missed shot from the 2-point area gives 2 free throws. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)
- A made shot counts, whatever its value, plus 1 free throw. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)
- A personal foul is charged against the offender. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2)
- A throw-in foul gives 1 free throw, whether or not the team is already in the penalty. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.3)
- After the 1 free throw, the non-offending team throws in from the place nearest the infraction. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.3)
- From beyond the arc, the miss earns three attempts. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)
- 1 with a made basket, 2 or 3 after a miss by the shot's value. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)
- Beyond the arc and no basket means three attempts at the line. (Source: FIBA OBR 2026, Art. 34.2.2)

Sources: FIBA Official Basketball Rules 2026 (v1.1), Article 34 (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the Rules, not reproduced)

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