# Edge Jumps · Figure Skating Level 3: Pre-Intermediate

Figure Skating · Level 3: Pre-Intermediate · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/figure-skating/level-3/edge-jumps/)

Edge Jumps in Figure Skating (Level 3: Pre-Intermediate) on Insporta: 20 sourced facts behind 2 tests. Covers: the salchow and the loop; the axel.

The Salchow, the loop and the Axel with its extra half turn.

## Test 1: The Salchow and the loop

- The Salchow is an edge jump from a back inside edge, landing on a back outside edge of the other foot. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- A Salchow changes feet in the air: inside edge of one skate up, outside edge of the other skate down. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- No toe pick, no change of foot: the loop is all back outside edge, up and down on one skate. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- In German and Russian the loop is the Rittberger, after the skater credited with it. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- With no toe pick to help, the Salchow asks for strong edge control and precise timing. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- Edge jumps take off directly from the blade's edge, with no toe pick to vault from. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- Inside-edge take-offs belong to the Salchow, an edge jump, and the flip, a toe jump. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- A turn sets up the inside edge, the free leg swing lifts the skater, and the landing comes on the other skate. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- From a backward glide or three-turn the skater settles on the edge, springs from it alone and comes down on it again. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- 2S is a double Salchow. 2Lo is a double loop, 2T a double toe loop and 2A a double Axel. (Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27)

## Test 2: The Axel

- The Axel is the only jump taken off forward, from a forward outside edge. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- Taking off forward and landing backward, the Axel carries an extra half turn: a single Axel is one and a half. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- The extra half turn makes a triple Axel three and a half revolutions. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- Forward off one skate, backward onto the other: the Axel ends like every jump, on a back outside edge. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- The panel treats the waltz jump as an Axel type, but one used only as a preparation for the next jump is not called. (Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27)
- An inside Axel from the forward inside edge is not a listed jump and does not count as a jump element. (Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27)
- The waltz jump, a half turn from a forward outside edge to a back outside edge, is the Axel's take-off without the extra rotation. (Source: Special Olympics Figure Skating Coaching Guide (2021); ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- Each extra revolution adds one to the count, and the Axel always keeps its additional half. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- The Axel steps forward onto an outside edge, swings up, adds the half turn and lands backward on the other foot. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))
- In C the skater faces the way of travel, a forward take-off, as only the Axel has. A, B and D move backward. (Source: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (isu-skating.com, 2026))

Sources: ISU, Figure skating jumps explained (2026); ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27; ISU Handbook for Referees & Judges, Single and Pair Skating 2026/27; Special Olympics Figure Skating Coaching Guide (2021). Original questions authored, nothing reproduced. Program requirements and scoring rules belong to the rules categories.

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