# 第1章：歴史と起源

バスケットボール · 第1章：歴史と起源 · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/ja/basketball/interesting-facts/chapter-1-history-origins/)

Curiosities from basketball's past: the game's first months, Naismith's own life, cages and early rules, the game's first homes abroad, college firsts, the Black Fives and the barrier-breakers, the first foreign players, Canada, Springfield and the leagues and teams that vanished.

## 1.11 The Game's First Months

How the game got its name, the first rules, the first public game and the first drawing of it.

### テスト 1: the first months of the game

- Naismith laughed the idea off, and Mahan then proposed 'basket ball'. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Players knocked a stone off a rock by throwing another stone in an arc. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- 'Pop' Stebbins had no boxes of that size and found the baskets in a storeroom. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The rules gave five minutes' rest between the halves. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The students won 5-1. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- They crowded into the small Springfield gym. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Stagg went on to coach football at the University of Chicago for 41 seasons. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Autumn 1891, December 1891 and March 1892. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- December 1891, March 1893 and February 1895. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Genzabaro Ishikawa sketched the gym, the baskets and the players. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))

## 1.12 Naismith Away From the Court

Naismith the student, doctor, Kansas teacher and coach, and the rules he left behind.

### テスト 1: James Naismith's life beyond the invention

- He was raised by an uncle near Almonte, Ontario. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- He was trained for the ministry before turning to physical education. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- He qualified as a doctor at Gross Medical College. (出典: University of Kansas Athletics, 'James Naismith' and Allen Fieldhouse history (kuathletics.com))
- He lectured American troops on health and conduct. (出典: University of Kansas Athletics, 'James Naismith' and Allen Fieldhouse history (kuathletics.com))
- He had lived in the United States for more than thirty years by then. (出典: University of Kansas Athletics, 'James Naismith' and Allen Fieldhouse history (kuathletics.com))
- The two typed pages fetched $4,338,500 at Sotheby's in New York. (出典: Sotheby's, 'James Naismith's Founding Rules of Basket Ball', sale result, December 2010 (sothebys.com))
- He had turned 30 in November that year. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- His boyhood home, McGill and the Presbyterian College, the YMCA school from 1890 and Kansas from 1898. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- 1941, two years after his death; 1968; and 2010. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The arena honours the pupil and the floor honours the teacher. (出典: University of Kansas Athletics, 'James Naismith' and Allen Fieldhouse history (kuathletics.com))

## 1.13 Cages and Early Rules

Fenced courts, a free-throw specialist, the first time limits and the Buffalo Germans.

### テスト 1: fenced courts and early rules

- From 1924 the fouled player had to take his own free throws. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- It was brought in to stop teams stalling in their own half. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- The Buffalo club later won 111 games in a row. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Players raced after loose balls into the crowd, one reason courts were fenced in. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Tall centres had been parking under the basket for easy shots. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- Opaque wooden boards blocked the view from seats behind the baskets. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The mesh was hard and sharp, and bodies were thrown into it on loose balls. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- 1895, about 1914 and 1923. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The 1890s, 1932 and the 1960s. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The fence kept the ball in play, so there was no out of bounds. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))

## 1.14 サッカー、海を渡る

France, the YMCA in China, Brazil and the Philippines, the Far Eastern Games and the 1919 Inter-Allied Games.

### テスト 1: basketball's first homes outside the United States

- Rideout was one of Naismith's students in Springfield. (出典: UCJG Paris (YMCA de Paris), 14 rue de Trévise: 'la plus ancienne salle de basket du monde' (ucjgparis.org))
- Basketball was on the programme from the very first games. (出典: Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas, history (sbp.ph); Olympic World Library, Far Eastern Championship Games reports (library.olympics.com))
- Tianjin is often called the cradle of Chinese basketball. (出典: FIBA, 'Basketball in China' (fiba.basketball); Tianjin YMCA history)
- Augusto Shaw introduced it at Mackenzie College. (出典: Confederação Brasileira de Basketball, 'História do basquete no Brasil' (cbb.com.br))
- The games were held about every two years until 1934. (出典: Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas, history (sbp.ph); Olympic World Library, Far Eastern Championship Games reports (library.olympics.com))
- Brown organised the Far Eastern Games from 1913, where basketball was played. (出典: Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas, history (sbp.ph); Inter-Allied Games official report, 1919)
- American servicemen had learned the game at YMCA huts during the war. (出典: Inter-Allied Games official report, Paris 1919; International Encyclopedia of the First World War (1914-1918-online.net))
- 1913, 1919 and 1932. (出典: Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas, history (sbp.ph); Olympic World Library, Far Eastern Championship Games reports (library.olympics.com))
- 1893, 1896 and around 1910. (出典: FIBA (fiba.basketball); national federations' histories)
- It was named after General John Pershing and handed to France after the games. (出典: Inter-Allied Games official report, Paris 1919; International Encyclopedia of the First World War (1914-1918-online.net))

## 1.15 College Basketball's First Steps

The first college games, five a side, the NAIA, the NIT and the first NCAA tournament.

### テスト 1: the early college game

- Minnesota's School of Agriculture won 9-3 at Hamline, in Saint Paul. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- Hamline lost on its own floor. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- His side met Chicago in Iowa City in January 1896. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- The Iowa line-up was a YMCA side that happened to study at the university. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- It began for small colleges and is still played every March. (出典: NAIA, 'Men's Basketball Championship history' (naia.org))
- Oregon, the 'Tall Firs', beat Ohio State in the final in Evanston. (出典: NCAA, 'Men's Basketball Championship history' (ncaa.com))
- Temple beat Colorado in the final at Madison Square Garden. (出典: National Invitation Tournament history (ncaa.com/nit))
- 1895, 1896, 1938 and 1939. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- The 1940s, the 1950s and the late 1960s. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))
- Neither side used a substitute in the whole game. (出典: NCAA, 'What we know about the first college basketball game ever played' (ncaa.com))

## 1.16 Black Fives and Breaking Barriers

The Black Fives era, the Rens and the players and coaches who broke the colour line.

### テスト 1: the Black Fives and the barrier-breakers

- Henderson learned the game at Harvard's summer school. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))
- From 1904 to 1950 all-Black clubs and church teams played across the country. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))
- Douglas ran the team for more than twenty years. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))
- He played for the New York Knicks in 1947-48. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- He won gold in London and later played in the 1953 NBA All-Star Game. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The Rens often played well over 100 games a season on the road. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))
- Russell, Sam Jones, K.C. Jones, Satch Sanders and Willie Naulls started together. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1904, 1923, 1947 and 1950. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))
- 1959, 1963 and 2002. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The floor was cleared for dancing after the games. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, 'New York Renaissance' and 'Edwin Bancroft Henderson' (hoophall.com))

## 1.17 The First Foreign Players in the NBA

Biasatti, Thompson, Marčiulionis, Sabonis and the first picks and MVPs from abroad.

### テスト 1: the first players from abroad in the NBA

- Born in Italy and raised in Canada, he played for the Toronto Huskies. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- He played first base for the Philadelphia Athletics in 1949. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))
- Portland took him first overall. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- The Lithuanian guard joined the Golden State Warriors. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Soviet rules and injuries kept him in Europe for nine years. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- The Italian forward went to the Toronto Raptors. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Parker's Spurs swept the Cleveland Cavaliers. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1978, 1984 and 2006. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1946, 1985, 1989 and 1995. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Houston picked the Chinese centre in 2002. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))

## 1.18 Basketball and Canada

The first NBA basket in Toronto, the one-season Huskies, the Raptors and Canada's first picks.

### テスト 1: Naismith's homeland and the NBA

- The Knicks guard scored a lay-up early in the game in Toronto. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))
- It was the home of the Toronto Maple Leafs ice hockey team. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))
- Part of the baseball stadium was curtained off for the court. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- They folded after 1946-47; Toronto had no NBA team again until 1995. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))
- The Vancouver Grizzlies moved to Memphis in 2001. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Cleveland took him; Wiggins went first a year later. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- They beat the Golden State Warriors in six games. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1946, 1995-96, 2001 and 2019. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))
- 2013, 2014 and 2019. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Nostrand stood about 6 ft 8 in. (出典: Canada Basketball (basketball.ca); NBA History, 'The first game: Toronto Huskies v New York Knicks, 1946' (nba.com))

## 1.19 Springfield, Birthplace of the Game

Springfield College, the Hall of Fame's buildings and the city's ties to the game.

### テスト 1: Springfield and the Hall of Fame

- It had been the International YMCA College since 1912. (出典: Springfield College archives (springfield.edu); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The first building stood on the Springfield College campus. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The New York barnstormers of the 1920s were honoured as a team. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Naismith, Phog Allen and George Mikan were among the first. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Each class is enshrined at a ceremony in Springfield. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The building looks out over the river in downtown Springfield. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- It is given each year at the enshrinement weekend. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- 1968, 1985 and 2002. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- 1975, 2009 and 2020. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The silver sphere is lit at night. (出典: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))

## 1.20 Leagues and Teams That Vanished

The ABA's striped ball, the Spirits' deal and the early NBA teams that folded.

### テスト 1: leagues and teams that no longer exist

- They had won the ABA title only the year before. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Julius Erving led them past Denver in the final. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- They were paid for decades until a 2014 settlement. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- He took them to the 1949 finals before moving on. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- The Sheboygan Red Skins played only that one NBA season. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Stars of Kentucky's title-winning college side owned and played for the team. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- Today's Washington Wizards are a later franchise that took the Bullets name. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1947, 1950 (out of the NBA), 1954 and 1976. (出典: NBA History (nba.com/history))
- 1946, 1961 and 1967. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))
- Mikan had been the first great centre of the NBA. (出典: NBA History, 'ABA' and defunct franchises (nba.com); Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com))

出典: Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, the NBA, FIBA, the EuroLeague, the NCAA, the WNBA, clubs' and universities' own histories, auction houses' published results and named reputable media.

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