# ミッドフィールドとトランジション · ホッケー, レベル4：中級

ホッケー · レベル4：中級 · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/ja/field-hockey/level-4/midfield-and-transition/)

ミッドフィールドとトランジション: 事実99件, テスト10件.

ミッドフィールダーの攻撃と守備での仕事、ボールの奪われ方を読むこと、守備から攻撃へ、攻撃から守備への切り替え、軸となるセンターミッドフィールダー、ボールの保持が入れ替わるときにチームの形を保つこと。

## テスト 1: ラインをつなぐこと

- Midfielders sit between the defence and the strikers, so they link the two lines and move the ball from one to the other. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- ミッドフィールドのリードが、ディフェンダーに明確なパスのラインを与えます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- Play turns around the central midfielder as it moves between defence and attack. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)
- 早いリードが、守備に安全なアウトレットを与えます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、アウトレット)
- Having received from the defence, the midfielder passes the ball on to the strikers so the attack keeps moving. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- 三角形が奥行きと2つの選択肢を生みます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- ミッドフィールドのつながりがなければ、チームはロングボールに賭けるしかありません。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- After the defender wins the ball, the midfielder leads to show for it, receives it and then passes into the strikers. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- The ball moves forward from the defenders, through the midfielders who connect the lines, to the strikers. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)
- ミッドフィールダーが、守備と攻撃の間のつながりを提供します。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)

## テスト 2: フォワードへつなぐパス

- The midfielder's lead supports the strikers by offering a close passing link, so they are not isolated in front. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- 良いつなぎのパスは、使いやすい形でストライカーに届きます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- A ball on the front stick side is the easiest to control, so passing there lets the striker receive it cleanly. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フェーズ2)
- A striker who has shaken off the marker is open and can receive the pass without being tackled at once. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- A lay-back is played into the space behind the striker, so the midfielder runs onto it and keeps the attack's momentum. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、アウトレット)
- Facing the play with an open body and head up lets the passer see the strikers' runs in time to play the ball. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、視野を広く保ったパス)
- After passing, the midfielder keeps moving up to support, so the striker has a close option and the attack stays connected. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- The striker loses the marker and the midfielder sees the lead; the pass goes to the front stick and the midfielder follows it up to support. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- スペースにあるフロントスティック側が最も安全です。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フェーズ2)
- A pass from midfield to a striker's front stick as the striker leads joins the lines, so it is called a connecting pass. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)

## テスト 3: ペネトレーションラン

- High players occupy the defenders, which opens space behind them, and midfielders time their runs into it. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- ストライカーが先に動いて、チームメイトのためのスペースをつくります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- Wide positions on the sides stretch the defence, creating room for the others in the middle. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- 遅れて走る選手は、ストライカーの後ろでマークされずに到達します。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- If the run fails and the ball is lost, the midfielder's own area is open, so a team-mate must cover behind. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ホッケーのシステム)
- Getting past the last line of defenders puts the attacker close to goal with a chance to shoot or cross. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- タイミングによって、ランは追いにくくなります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フェーズ2)
- A striker pulls a defender away, the midfielder starts the run, the pass goes into the space left, and the move ends in a shot or cross. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- The midfielder holds position until the right moment, times the start, sprints into the space and then receives the ball. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フェーズ2)
- A run from midfield into space the strikers have opened is a penetrating run, breaking the defensive line. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)

## テスト 4: クリア後のスペースを守る

- When the opponents clear the ball, midfielders cover the gaps between the strikers so the clearance cannot find an easy receiver. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- スペースの守備で次のパスをインターセプトします。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- Marking a player or covering a zone are the two basic ways to defend, so midfielders must choose one as the opposition approaches. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- ミッドフィールドで奪えば、危険を遠ざけられます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- 浮いたクリアはインターセプトして、二次攻撃につなげられます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ホッケーのシステム)
- The opponents' defence is disorganised after the turnover, so a quick second attack meets fewer defenders. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集（カウンターアタック）)
- Zonal marking by the strikers cuts parts of the field, which shortens the space midfielders must cover. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- The opposition clears, the midfielders close the spaces between the strikers, intercept the pass and attack again. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- The nearer the ball is won to the opponents' goal, the shorter the distance to a scoring chance. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- ストライカーの間で待ち、クリアを遮断します。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)

## テスト 5: 相手のミッドフィールダーをマークしている

- Marking the opposite midfielder, channelling him away from danger and then tackling is the midfielder's main job in the middle. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- Staying tight on a key opponent denies him time and space, so he cannot influence the game. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- 守備で相手に対してオーバーロードをつくります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- Steering the opponent wide keeps danger away from the centre, and a tackle can follow from a safer position. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- The guide's table gives the centre midfielder the job of steering the opposition attack to the left. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- 中央の1対1を制限します。リスクが高すぎます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- Standing between the opponent and the goal blocks the direct route, so any pass or dribble towards goal has to go past you. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、守備の基本ルール)
- The midfielder picks up the opponent, stays goal side, steers him wide and tackles only when it is safe. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)
- Channelling and delaying carries the least risk, while a 1 v 1 in the middle risks leaving the centre open if it is lost. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- Staying close and goal side lets dark 8 deny the opposite midfielder time and a route to goal. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールダーの役割)

## テスト 6: ボールを奪われる場面を読む

- Because turnovers can happen suddenly, midfielders must always be ready for them. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ターンオーバーと主導権)
- Experience helps a player anticipate a loose touch or forced pass before it happens. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ターンオーバーと主導権)
- A turnover happens in a moment, so quick reactions decide who gets to the loose ball first. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ターンオーバーと主導権)
- ターンオーバーの直後は、選手の位置が乱れています。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- The full press squeezes opponents on one side so that the ball is won in the turnover, high up the field. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フルプレス)
- 緩いタッチや無理なパスが、踏み込むタイミングです。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ホッケーのシステム)
- The new attack is most dangerous right after the turnover, when the opponents are still out of position. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- The opponent's heavy touch lets the midfielder step in and win the ball, which is followed by a quick pass forward. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ターンオーバーと主導権)
- ターンオーバーの直後が最も弱い瞬間です。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- The dark player's touch runs too far, so light 6 wins the loose ball: a turnover. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ターンオーバーと主導権)

## テスト 7: ディフェンスから攻撃へ

- The attack is fast because the opponents are out of position after the turnover or the broken-down corner. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- When the opponents' short corner fails, their attackers are far from their own goal, which gives the defending team a chance to counter. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- 相手を引き出し、その背後にカウンターのためのスペースが生まれます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールドプレス)
- Pace beats the opponents' recovery, so the first pass should go forward quickly rather than sideways. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- ボールの出しどころをつくるため、ミッドフィールドに数人を残します。 (出典: NFHCA, Penalty Corners: Positions and Basic Tactics (2022)、守備のコーナー)
- 守備が立て直す前に崩さなければなりません。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- インターセプトしたパスが、背後のスペースへのカウンターにつながります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ハーフコートプレス)
- The ball is won, a fast forward pass releases the runners, they attack the space behind the defence, and the move ends in a shot. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- 高い位置でのターンオーバーの後が最も速い。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)
- Light players sprinting upfield after the corner fails exploit the space the opponents left: a counter-attack. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、用語集)

## テスト 8: 攻撃から守備へ

- Getting behind the ball at once puts outside midfielders between the opposition and their own goal, ready to defend. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- Strikers can either press the opposition's defenders straight away or drop back behind the ball to help the defence. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- ボールへのプレッシャーが、ほかの選手が戻る時間を稼ぎます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ホッケーのシステム)
- Transition is the moment of change, so a good system lets players move smoothly from attacking to defending and back. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)
- Running back towards their own goal puts them between the ball and the goal again, so the defence is not outnumbered. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、守備の基本ルール)
- 高い位置に残った選手がいると、守備は数的不利になります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- After the opposition's defenders win the ball, strikers press them at once, taking time and space from the new attack. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、フォワードの役割)
- The ball is lost, the nearest player presses to delay the attack, the others sprint back, and the defence then organises. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- The nearest players can reach the ball fastest, so they delay the attack while the rest recover. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Light 9 presses the ball while the others recover behind it, which is the team switching from attack to defence. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)

## テスト 9: ピボット

- Both attacking and defensive play pass through the central midfielder, so the team turns around this player. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)
- The central midfielder looks after the triangle shape, keeping passing options around the ball. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- A lead from the central midfielder offers the defence a target, which encourages passes out of the back. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- In a diagonal line the central midfielder sits between the left and right midfielders and links them. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールドライン)
- 中央から、ピボットは攻撃を切り替えられます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、視野を広く保ったパス)
- Standing between the defence and the strikers, the pivot gives the attackers a link from behind and adds depth. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- The pivot receives from one side, opens the body to see the field, switches to the other side and then follows up to support. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、ミッドフィールドライン)
- The pivot drops behind the ball, channels the opponent left, wins the ball and then leads to give the defence a pass. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- In the middle with play on both sides, light 6 can turn and switch the ball to the far wing: the pivot's role. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)

## テスト 10: 切り替えの中で陣形を保つ

- A balanced system keeps players in positions that let them change roles easily when the ball changes hands. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)
- Players can only switch smoothly if they understand their role in both attack and defence. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、まとめ)
- 形があれば、攻撃では選択肢が、守備ではカバーが生まれます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- 形が崩れ、スペースが空きます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Behind the ball, the strikers cover the width of the pitch, which gives the defence its shape. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、6人制)
- ボールサイドでは攻撃に加わり、ヘルプサイドでは守備に下がります。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- 大まかな戦術は、試合前に決めて伝えます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、守備のプレス)
- The ball is lost, the nearest player presses, the lines drop back together, and the triangle is restored. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、個人の役割)
- ラインがそろっていれば、最もカバーできます。 (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Dropping back in three tidy lines keeps the team's formation intact, so cover and passing angles remain. (出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、11人制)

出典: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide、USA Field Hockey 101、NFHCAの資料、FIHの歴史と公式記録を参照。問題はすべてオリジナルで、転載はありません。番号付きの規則は「ホッケー競技規則」カテゴリー（Field Hockey - Rules of Hockey）にあります。

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