# What Hockey Is · Field Hockey, Уровень 1: Начальный

Field Hockey · Уровень 1: Начальный · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/ru/field-hockey/level-1/what-hockey-is/)

What Hockey Is: 100 фактов, 10 тестов.

The aim of the game, two teams of eleven, goalkeepers and field players, scoring from the circle, the four quarters, men's and women's hockey, the formats of the game, where it is played, the Olympics and hockey for everyone.

## Тест 1: Цель игры

- The team that scores the most goals wins; if the goals are equal, the match is a draw. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.2)
- Field players play the ball with the stick; using the body to move it is an offence. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Hockey 101 sums it up: push or hit only with the flat side or edge of the stick. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Only goalkeepers may use their body to stop and move the ball, and only in their own circle. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- The shooting area is the circle, often called the 'D' for its shape. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Under the Rules equal goals mean a draw; a shoot-out to find a winner comes from competition regulations. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.2)
- There is no left-handed stick: every stick has its flat side on the left as it is held. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Goals can only come from inside the circle, so an attack ends with a shot from there. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Four quarters, with the half-time interval between the second and the third. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- A ball played by an attacker in the circle that crosses the goal-line is a goal. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)

## Тест 2: Two teams of eleven

- Outdoor hockey is played eleven against eleven, goalkeeper included. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- A team is at most sixteen people: eleven on the field and five substitutes. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Terminology (Team))
- Hockey uses rolling substitutions: there is no limit to how often a player changes. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 2.3)
- Field players of one team wear uniform clothing so the umpires and players can tell them apart. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 4.1)
- The goalkeeper's shirt differs in colour from both teams. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Captains wear a distinctive armband, on an arm, a shoulder or over a sock. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 3.3)
- A suspended player cannot be replaced, so the team plays one short for the suspension. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 14.2)
- Smallest to largest: the bench, the eleven on the field, then everyone named for the match. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Terminology (Team))
- Time is not stopped for a substitution; the players change by the centre-line. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 2.3)
- Each side shows ten field players and a goalkeeper: eleven, the usual number in outdoor hockey. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))

## Тест 3: Goalkeepers and field players

- A goalkeeper's minimum kit is headgear, leg guards and kickers. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 4.4)
- Kickers fit over the goalkeeper's shoes so the ball can be kicked away safely. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Inside their circle, stick in hand, goalkeepers may use stick and body; outside it, the stick only. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 10.2)
- The Rules call every participant on the field except the goalkeeper a field player. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Terminology (Field Player))
- Shin, ankle and mouth protection are strongly recommended for field players. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 4.2)
- A goalkeeper's helmet has a full face guard, and a throat protector is worn under it. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- A team either has a goalkeeper on the field or plays only with field players. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 2.2)
- Helmet, body protection, leg guards and kickers, top to bottom. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- The goalkeeper may block with the pads inside the circle; defenders then clear the rebound. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Helmet, leg guards and kickers mark out the goalkeeper; a face mask is a defender's kit at corners. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))

## Тест 4: Scoring from the circle

- Shots from outside the circle do not count unless an attacker touches the ball inside it. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)
- The circle's flat front and curved sides give it the nickname 'the D'. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- A defender's touch before or after an attacker's play in the circle does not stop a goal. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)
- Without an attacker playing the ball inside the circle, no goal can be scored. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)
- The ball must pass completely over the goal-line and under the cross-bar. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)
- The circle's front line is 14.63 metres from the back-line. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Hockey goals have low boards inside; the ball striking them makes the familiar clack. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- About 0, 6.4, 14.6 and 45.7 metres. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- A deflection by an attacker inside the circle is enough for a goal. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)
- The shot is taken from outside the circle, so it cannot score without another attacker's touch inside. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.1)

## Тест 5: Four quarters

- A match has four quarters. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- Each quarter lasts 15 minutes of playing time. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- Two minutes separate quarters one and two, and three and four. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- Half-time between quarters two and three is 10 minutes. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- Umpires make sure the full time is played and signal the end of each quarter. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 11.5)
- Time and play are stopped after a goal and re-started when the teams are ready. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 8.2)
- Other durations may be agreed, except where competition regulations fix them. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- 2, 10, 15 and 30 minutes. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)
- Teams swap ends for the second half and a centre pass starts the third quarter. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rules 5.1, 6.2)
- After the second quarter comes half-time; the 2-minute breaks follow the first and third quarters. (Источник: FIH Rules of Hockey 2027 (player's view), Rule 5.1)

## Тест 6: Men's and women's hockey

- Hockey is one of the most gender-equal sports: the same rules and equipment for men and women. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Women's hockey joined the Olympics at Moscow 1980. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- The International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations, founded in 1927, ran women's hockey. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Men's and women's hockey came together in one federation in 1982. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- The first women's World Cup was held at Mandelieu, France, in 1974. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- In the US the high-school and NCAA college game is played mainly by girls and women. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Both men's and women's hockey have been in every Olympic Games since 1980. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- 1927, 1974, 1980 and 1982. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- 1908, 1924 and 1971. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Women's internationals use exactly the Rules of Hockey the men use. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))

## Тест 7: Outdoor, indoor and Hockey5s

- Indoor hockey is a small-sided game, played six against six. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Indoor hockey has side boards and players use them to pass off. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- In indoor hockey the ball is pushed; hitting is not permitted. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Hockey5s has four field players and a goalkeeper on each side. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Hockey5s debuted at the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- The first FIH Hockey5s World Cup took place in 2024. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Two Hockey5s pitches fit on one full-size field. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Five, six and eleven per side. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- 1971, 2003 and 2024. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Boundary boards, quarter-lines and five players a side make it Hockey5s. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))

## Тест 8: Where hockey is played

- International hockey is played on water-based turf, watered to speed up play. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Watering speeds up the game and stops the ball bouncing. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Synthetic turf arrived at the Montreal 1976 Olympics and has been the elite surface since. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Hockey5s can be played on almost any flat surface. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- USA Field Hockey's 2025 guide counts 146 FIH member countries. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Outside the US and a few other countries, field hockey is just called hockey. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- The International Hockey Federation (FIH) is the world governing body. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Grass came first, synthetic turf reached the Olympics in 1976, and watered turf became the elite standard later. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Umpires check the field; the water-based turf is watered before play. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Water-based turf is watered to speed up the game and keep the ball flat. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))

## Тест 9: Hockey at the Olympics

- Men's hockey debuted at the London 1908 Olympics. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- India have been Olympic champions eight times, including six in a row from 1928 to 1956. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Hockey has been in every Summer Games since 1908 except 1912 and 1924. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Los Angeles hosts the 2028 Games and hockey will be played there. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Zimbabwe won the first women's Olympic hockey tournament at Moscow 1980. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- England beat Ireland in the 1908 final in London. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- The FIH history counts nine nations as Olympic champions. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- 1908, 1928, 1976 and 1980. (Источник: FIH, The history of FIH & hockey)
- Bronze, silver and gold are presented after the final, then the champions' anthem is played. (Источник: General field hockey reference)
- The champions take the middle, highest step; silver and bronze stand either side. (Источник: General field hockey reference)

## Тест 10: Hockey for everyone

- Many clubs offer youth play from as young as 8. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Masters hockey is for players beyond their mid-thirties, with its own competitions. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Hockey ID is one form of Para Hockey, for players with an intellectual disability. (Источник: FIH Rules of Para Hockey 2026, Introduction)
- Fewer players on a smaller pitch means more time on the ball for each child. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Beginner sticks are usually wood: light, less rigid and forgiving for stopping the ball. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Many players measure from the ground to the hip bone. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- USA Field Hockey describes it as one of the safer sports, with few serious injuries. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Sticks grow with the player: about 28, 34 and 37 inches. (Источник: USA Field Hockey, Field Hockey 101 (2025))
- Children usually start in small games before moving to eleven-a-side. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Young players learn best through many ball contacts in game forms. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)

Источники: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, USA Field Hockey 101, NFHCA notes, FIH history and official results; original questions authored, nothing reproduced. Numbered rules belong to the Rules category (Field Hockey - Rules of Hockey).

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