# Defensive Principles · Хоккей на траве, Уровень 3: Ниже среднего

Хоккей на траве · Уровень 3: Ниже среднего · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/ru/field-hockey/level-3/defensive-principles/)

Defensive Principles: 100 фактов, 10 тестов.

The phases of play without the ball, ball side and help side, double and cover defence, choosing how to mark, getting behind the ball, channelling to the left, marking near the circle, strikers who defend and fake space.

## Тест 1: The phases without the ball

- Without the ball: breakdown, then delay, then disrupt scoring. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Apply pressure to force a faulty or risky pass or play. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Delay: slow down the attack. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Disrupt scoring opportunities: block, tackle, defend goal and rebounds. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Block tackle, defend the goal, defend rebounds. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Defend rebounds belongs to the last phase. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Breakdown: channel and apply pressure. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Win it high, slow it, then protect the goal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Pressure, delay, block. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)
- Pressure far from your own goal: breakdown. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Systems in hockey)

## Тест 2: Ball side and help side

- Help side: the non-ball side of the field. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Glossary)
- Marking on the side of the ball is tight and allows intercepts. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- Far-side marking is goal side and allows cover defence. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- Defenders fairly tight, always on the ball side of the opponent. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- Positional changes take place when the ball is switched. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Positional changes)
- Players closest to the ball, ball side, mark very tightly. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Positional changes)
- Players furthest from the ball provide cover defence. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Positional changes)
- Tight near the ball, cover far away. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- The whole line slides with the ball. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Positional changes)
- Away from the ball, the defender drops goal side to cover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)

## Тест 3: Double defence

- Defensive teamwork: the high defender channels onto the front stick of the cover defender. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Channel the attacker onto the front stick side of the supportive cover defender. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- The sweeper sets up double defence to force turnovers. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- To force turnovers. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Defensive teamwork, double defence, appears in Phase 2 of the oldest step. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Phase 2)
- The full press forces the opposition to run into double defence or tackles. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- The open stick side gives the strongest tackle. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Close, show, step, win. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- The high defender channels; the cover tackles. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Channelling the attacker onto a second defender: double defence. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)

## Тест 4: Cover defence

- Cover defence: deep defensive support from a team-mate. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Cover means the next defender is ready if the first is beaten. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Both systems ensure cover from the non-ball side defenders. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Six-a-side)
- Cover sits deeper, between the action and the goal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- An important task of the free defender is backup cover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Eight-a-side)
- The marking system must also allow for cover at all times. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- With a sweeper behind, the defenders always have cover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Formation 1)
- Pressure, cover, break, rescue. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Glossary)
- Pressure in front, cover behind, the keeper last. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Glossary)
- A deeper team-mate behind the first defender gives cover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)

## Тест 5: Choosing a marking system

- Midfielders must make a defensive decision: man-on-man or zonal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the midfielders)
- The defender defends a zone and picks up any player or ball that passes through it. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Zone defence forces the opposition to take risks out the back. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Without cover, a lost duel frees an attacker. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Formation 1)
- Attackers look for the seams between zones. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Eliminating key opposition players through tight defensive marking. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the midfielders)
- Defensively overloading the opposition. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the midfielders)
- Man-to-man is tightest. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Hold, pick up, pass on. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)
- Following one opponent wherever they go: man-to-man. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic terms in defence)

## Тест 6: Behind the ball after a turnover

- The centre midfielder drops back as soon as possible after a turnover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Wide midfielders recover at once when the ball is lost. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Falling back to own half to get numbers behind the ball. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Numbers behind the ball protect the goal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Turnover of the ball can be unexpected; players need good reactions. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the midfielders)
- Experienced players see a turnover coming sooner. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the midfielders)
- Players learn to react tactically as possession changes. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Six-a-side)
- Lose, press, recover, organise. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Those highest up have the furthest to go. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- After a turnover, get behind the ball at once. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)

## Тест 7: Channelling to the left

- Play is forced preferably to the left side, which is normally easier to defend. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- Concentrate on channelling the opposition attack left. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Force the opposition left and block play to the right. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- On the left the attacker uses the weaker reverse stick. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Play is forced to the side of the field. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- One striker cuts off the ball back to the middle. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- Pinned near the side-line, the attacker has fewer ways forward. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Block, show, squeeze, win. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- The side is easiest, the circle hardest. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)
- Blocking the right and showing the left channels play left. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Full press)

## Тест 8: Tighter near the circle

- The closer the ball is to the goal, the tighter the marking. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- It must also be aggressive. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- It allows defenders to intercept passes ahead of the receiving player. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- Feet and shoulders perpendicular to the line of pass. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Important)
- To have the ball and receiving player in the field of vision. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Important)
- Ensure that if an attacker receives, defenders are between ball and goal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic defensive rules)
- Attackers gather just in front of the goal, so marking there is tightest. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Tighter the nearer the goal. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Defending outside the circle)
- Three of the basic rules. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Basic defensive rules)
- Side-on to the pass line keeps ball and receiver in view. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Important)

## Тест 9: Strikers who defend

- Disrupt the opposition's attacking lines. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Quick reverse press: pressure on opposition defenders and midfielders. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Close down and channel opposition defenders. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Close down the attacking space of the opposition right half, channel and delay. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Individual tasks)
- Winning the ball high leaves little distance to the circle. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Strikers also recover into their own half when needed. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Pressure on rushed passers produces errors. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Press, steer, cut, win. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Press high, then delay, then recover. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)
- Strikers close down defenders: defending from the front. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Role of the strikers)

## Тест 10: Fake space

- A defender allows more space, encouraging the pass to the 'open' player. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- As the pass is made, the defender steps to intercept, tackle or set up double defence. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- In the ball-in-centre situation and similar ones. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- Closing quickly after inviting the pass is everything. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Too slow, and the open player really is open. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Stepping in can set up a double defence. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- The pass looks safe, so it is played. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide)
- Invite, pass, step, win. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- Far, closing, there. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)
- Inviting a pass to an apparently free player: fake space. (Источник: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, Ball in the centre)

Источники: KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide, USA Field Hockey 101, NFHCA notes, FIH history and official results; original questions authored, nothing reproduced. Numbered rules belong to the Rules category (Field Hockey - Rules of Hockey).

Пройти тесты: https://insporta.app/try?utm_source=book&utm_medium=referral