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Rugby · Interesting Facts

Chapter 8: Players & Legends

10 parts · 10 tests · 100 facts · updated 28 October 2026 · markdown

Ten careers show how varied rugby's great players have been. Colin Meads, a farmer from around Te Kuiti in the King Country, played 133 matches for the All Blacks in all and was sent off for dangerous play by Kevin Kelleher in 1967, after Brownlie on the Invincibles' tour. Danie Craven, 'Mr Rugby', made the dive pass famous, was a scholar as well as a rugby man, and died in office in 1993. Serge Blanco, born in Venezuela in 1958 and raised in Biarritz, set France's try record, which only Damian Penaud has since passed. The Ella brothers came from La Perouse, a coastal Aboriginal community at the edge of Botany Bay, and all three were Wallabies.

Michael Jones played once for Western Samoa in 1986, then for New Zealand in the opening game of the first World Cup, won 70-6 at Eden Park, and kept the Sabbath throughout his career. Jean-Pierre Rives, the 'golden helmet', was a fearless open-side and later a sculptor. Gareth Thomas won a hundred caps for Wales and was the first top rugby union player to come out while still playing. Maggie Alphonsi, 'Maggie the Machine', won 74 caps for the Red Roses despite a club foot. Agustín Pichot, a scrum-half from Buenos Aires, later served alongside chairman Bill Beaumont at World Rugby, and Gavin Hastings captained the Lions and won the World Bowl in American football.

The facts below follow each of these ten players through their careers, records and lives after rugby.

8.81Colin Meads

A farmer from the King Country, a sending-off and a broken arm.

Test 1Colin MeadsTake a test

  1. He was sent off for dangerous play.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  2. Brownlie was sent off against England during the Invincibles' tour.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  3. Kevin Kelleher made the call.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  4. He played the third test with the arm still in a guard.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  5. The NZRFU dropped him from its selection panel for it.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  6. Training on the farm in the King Country was part of his legend.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  7. He also played 133 matches for the All Blacks in all.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  8. 1957, 1967, 1970 and 1986.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  9. 1925, 1967 and 2017.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · recall

  10. Around Te Kuiti, in the North Island.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 1967 · applied

8.82Danie Craven

'Mr Rugby': a scrum-half, a professor and the longest-serving boss of South African rugby.

Test 1Danie CravenTake a test

  1. It got the ball from the scrum to the backs faster.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  2. He died in office in 1993.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  3. He was a scholar as well as a rugby man.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  4. Stellenbosch became his home for the rest of his life.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  5. His influence ran through every level of South African rugby.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  6. The best schoolboys from every province meet there each year.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  7. The board's chairmanship rotated among its members.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  8. The 1930s, 1947, 1956 and 1993.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  9. The whole body adds length to the pass.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · recall

  10. Craven made it famous.

    Source: Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week · applied

8.83Serge Blanco

A full-back born in Venezuela who became the face of French flair.

Test 1Serge BlancoTake a test

  1. He was born in Venezuela in 1958 and grew up in Biarritz.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  2. It was a record for France when he retired.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  3. Only Damian Penaud has since scored more for France.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  4. France won 30-24 at the Concord Oval in Sydney.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  5. Under him Biarritz won French titles in 2002 and 2006.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  6. Twelve of his caps came on the wing.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  7. Photographs often caught him with a cigarette at the touchline.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  8. 1958, 1980, 1987 and 1991.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  9. 1991, 2002 and 2006.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · recall

  10. The try came in the last minute.

    Source: World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history · applied

8.84The Ella Brothers

Three brothers from La Perouse who changed Wallaby rugby.

Test 1The Ella brothersTake a test

  1. A coastal Aboriginal community at the edge of Botany Bay.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  2. Born on 5 June 1959; Gary followed in 1960.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  3. His own grand slam, inside Australia's.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  4. Ten of them as captain.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  5. Sports master Geoff Mould coached them.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  6. He was only 25.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  7. He played two tests on the wing.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  8. Four, six and 25.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  9. 1959, 1962 and 1984.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · recall

  10. All three were Wallabies.

    Source: Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella' · applied

8.85Michael Jones

The Iceman: a flanker of faith and a famous first World Cup.

Test 1Michael JonesTake a test

  1. He played once for Western Samoa in 1986.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  2. The opening game of the first World Cup, won 70-6 at Eden Park.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  3. He kept the Sabbath throughout his career.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  4. New Zealand lost the semi-final in Dublin.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  5. Injuries left him covered in ice packs; his calm manner helped too.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  6. He later also played at blindside.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  7. He coached Samoa in the mid-2000s.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  8. 1986, 1987, 1991 and the 2000s.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  9. Eden Park, 22 May 1987.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · recall

  10. From the ice packs and his calm.

    Source: New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile · applied

8.86Jean-Pierre Rives

The golden helmet: a blond flanker who became an artist.

Test 1Jean-Pierre RivesTake a test

  1. 'Golden helmet' in French.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  2. A fearless open-side forward.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  3. Many of them as captain.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  4. Stade Toulousain.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  5. His metal sculptures have been shown around the world.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  6. He also played in the 1977 Grand Slam side.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  7. He played on regardless of cuts.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  8. 1977, 1981 and 1987.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  9. 1975, 1981, 1984 and after.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · recall

  10. France's captain of the early 1980s.

    Source: FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history · applied

8.87Gareth Thomas

A hundred caps, a Lions captaincy and a brave announcement.

Test 1Gareth ThomasTake a test

  1. He reached it in 2007.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  2. O'Driscoll was hurt in the first minutes of the first test.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  3. He was the first top rugby union player to come out while still playing.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  4. He even played league for Wales.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  5. Toulouse beat Stade Français in the final.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  6. He spoke out to fight the stigma around it.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  7. Ironman Wales in Tenby.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  8. 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2019.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  9. 1995, 2007 and 2010.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · recall

  10. Thomas took over after O'Driscoll's injury.

    Source: Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour · applied

8.88Maggie Alphonsi

Maggie the Machine: a club foot, a World Cup and a sportswoman of the year.

Test 1Maggie AlphonsiTake a test

  1. It did not stop her becoming one of the game's great flankers.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  2. Her tackle counts were astonishing.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  3. An open-side flanker.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  4. She was honoured as Britain's top sportswoman of 2010.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  5. England beat Canada in the final in Paris.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  6. She retired after the 2014 World Cup.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  7. Saracens' women's side.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  8. 2003, 2010 and 2014.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  9. 2010, 2014 and 2025.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · recall

  10. 74 caps for the Red Roses.

    Source: Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 2010 · applied

8.89Agustín Pichot

A scrum-half from Buenos Aires who helped take Argentina into the big time.

Test 1Agustín PichotTake a test

  1. A sharp, combative number nine.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  2. Los Pumas beat France twice in that tournament.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  3. He later played for Bristol and Stade Français.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  4. He spent several seasons in Paris.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  5. He served alongside chairman Bill Beaumont.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  6. Beaumont won and kept the chair.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  7. Argentina joined New Zealand, South Africa and Australia.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  8. The late 1990s, 2007, 2012 and 2020.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  9. England first, then France.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · recall

  10. Argentina's capital.

    Source: UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories · applied

8.90Gavin Hastings

Scotland's full-back, a Lions captain and a spell in American football.

Test 1Gavin HastingsTake a test

  1. The series was lost 2-1.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  2. A big, safe full-back and a fine goal-kicker.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  3. Scott Hastings was a centre.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  4. They won the World Bowl that year.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  5. He played in the Varsity Match.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  6. England went on to win 9-6.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  7. He retired after the 1995 World Cup.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  8. 1986, 1991, 1993 and 1996.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  9. 1987, 1993 and 1996.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · recall

  10. New Zealand won the deciding third test.

    Source: Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 1996 · applied

Questions people ask

Why was Colin Meads sent off in 1967?
He was sent off for dangerous play, with Kevin Kelleher making the call. Brownlie had been sent off against England during the Invincibles' tour before him.
Why was Danie Craven called Mr Rugby?
His influence ran through every level of South African rugby, and he died in office in 1993. He also made the dive pass famous.
Where was Serge Blanco born?
In Venezuela, in 1958; he grew up in Biarritz. Twelve of his caps came on the wing.
Who were the Ella brothers?
Three brothers from La Perouse, at the edge of Botany Bay, who all played for the Wallabies. Mark was born on 5 June 1959 and Gary followed in 1960.
Why was Michael Jones called the Iceman?
The name came from the ice packs that covered his injuries and from his calm manner.
What did Gareth Thomas do after rugby?
He spoke out to fight stigma and took on Ironman Wales in Tenby. He had already been the first top rugby union player to come out while still playing.
How many caps did Maggie Alphonsi win?
She won 74 caps for the Red Roses as an open-side flanker and retired after the 2014 World Cup.
Did Gavin Hastings play American football?
Yes. He retired from rugby after the 1995 World Cup, and his American football team won the World Bowl.

Sources

Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: World Rugby and its Hall of Fame and records, the World Rugby Museum at Twickenham, the unions' own histories (RFU, WRU, SRU, IRFU, FFR, NZR, SA Rugby, Rugby Australia), Rugby School, the clubs' and competitions' own histories, the IOC, Guinness World Records and named reputable media.

  • New Zealand Rugby player profile of Colin Meads (allblacks.com); NZ Herald obituary, 21 Aug 2017; Learning on Screen newsreel archive, 196710
  • Britannica, 'Danie Craven'; Rugby World, 'Danie Craven'; North-West University repository on Craven's academic career; SA Rugby on Craven Week10
  • World Rugby Hall of Fame, Serge Blanco; FFR records of France caps and tries; Barbarian FC player profile; Biarritz Olympique history10
  • Sport Australia Hall of Fame, 'Mark Ella'; Rugby Australia, First Nations players (australia.rugby); National Portrait Gallery, 'Gary Ella'10
  • New Zealand Rugby, 'All Blacks World Cup bolters' (allblacks.com); The Coconet, 'Michael Jones on the All Blacks and testing faith'; Rugby World profile10
  • FFR records of France captains; World Rugby Hall of Fame, Jean-Pierre Rives; Stade Toulousain history10
  • Welsh Rugby Union records; BBC Sport interviews with Gareth Thomas (2009, 2019); British & Irish Lions, 2005 tour10
  • Wikipedia-free sources: RFU player records; Steps Worldwide, 'Maggie Alphonsi MBE'; Rugby World, 'Maggie Alphonsi'; Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year 201010
  • UAR player records; World Rugby, 2016 and 2020 executive elections; Stade Français and Bristol club histories10
  • Scottish Rugby records; British & Irish Lions, 1993 tour; NFL Europe / World League, Scottish Claymores 199610