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Golf · Level 7: Upper-Advanced · Sub-level 7.2

Shafts, Lofts and Lies

4 tests · 40 facts · updated 13 October 2026 · markdown

What sits behind the clubhead: shaft flex, materials and weight, lofts through the set, and blades and cavity backs.

Each test below is ten questions on Insporta. The list under a test is what the questions check: one fact per question, with the source it was written from. Read it before the test, or come back from a wrong answer.

Test 1Shaft flexTake a test

  1. Matched to swing speed and tempo.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  2. Marked X.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  3. A is often called senior or amateur.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  4. The head can arrive closed and with extra loft.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  5. The shaft does not load enough to help.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  6. A stiff in one brand may be a regular in another.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  7. A low kick point tends to launch higher.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  8. Faster swings suit stiffer shafts.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  9. The lower the bend point, the higher the launch.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  10. Flex is matched to swing speed.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · applied

Test 2Materials and weightTake a test

  1. Light shafts help clubhead speed.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  2. Consistency matters more than speed in irons.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  3. Hickory came from North America.

    Source: General golf reference (club, teaching and course guides) · recall

  4. The USGA had allowed them a few years earlier.

    Source: R&A and USGA equipment history · recall

  5. Graphite also damps vibration.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  6. Lower torque feels firmer.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  7. Measured on a scale like D2.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  8. Graphite spread from the 1970s.

    Source: General golf reference (club, teaching and course guides) · applied

  9. Steel iron shafts are the heaviest.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  10. Strong and springy.

    Source: General golf reference (club, teaching and course guides) · applied

Test 3Lofts through the setTake a test

  1. A modern 7-iron can have the loft of an old 5-iron.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  2. Modern heads still launch the ball high enough.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  3. Many players add a gap wedge.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  4. Practice mats and hard ground both bend them.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  5. Forged carbon steel is softer.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  6. Typically four degrees or so between irons.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  7. Dynamic loft is measured at impact.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  8. Measure before buying.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  9. Lofts have strengthened steadily.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  10. B's face stands more upright.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · applied

Test 4Blades and cavity backsTake a test

  1. Also called a muscle back.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  2. The cavity behind the face gives it the name.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  3. Higher MOI, less lost on off-centre hits.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  4. Less forgiveness, more feedback.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  5. Help where needed, control where wanted.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  6. Common in game-improvement irons.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  7. The face arrives a fraction later.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  8. Forgiveness falls as weight moves behind the middle.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · recall

  9. Forgiveness where the shots are hardest.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · applied

  10. The hollow behind the face moves the weight outward.

    Source: Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references) · applied

Sources

Club-fitting and launch-monitor references, the Equipment Rules and the 2023 ball-testing announcement, golf physics texts, and course-architecture histories; original questions authored, nothing reproduced.

  • Club-fitting guides (major manufacturers' fitting manuals and fitting-trade references)36
  • General golf reference (club, teaching and course guides)3
  • R&A and USGA equipment history1