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Baseball · Official Rules of Baseball

Law 1: Objectives

2 parts · 2 tests · 20 facts · updated 27 October 2026 · markdown

What each team is trying to do, how a run is scored, the third-out exceptions that stop a run counting, and who wins the game.

1.11Offence, Defence and the Run

The aims of the team at bat and the team in the field, the run, and the terms runner, batter-runner and base.

Test 1The aims of the two teams and how a run is scoredTake a test

  1. The offence wants its batters to become runners and its runners to advance all the way to home plate.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.1 · recall

  2. The defence tries to keep batters from reaching base and to stop runners moving round the bases.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.2 · recall

  3. A runner who touches all the bases legally scores one run, however he got on base.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3 · recall

  4. Each team's aim is to score more runs than its opponent; hits, outs and runners left are not what decides it.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.4 · recall

  5. A run is scored by touching first, second, third and home plate, in that order.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.70 · recall

  6. With fewer than three out, a runner who touches all four bases in order scores a run at once.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3 · applied

  7. A runner is an offensive player who is advancing to, returning to, or touching a base.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.73 · recall

  8. The batter-runner is the offensive player who has just finished his turn at bat, until the play he started is over.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.8 · recall

  9. A batter finishes his time at bat, is a batter-runner until the play ends, becomes a runner on base and scores at home plate.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.8, 6.73, 6.70 · applied

  10. A base is one of the four points a runner must touch to score: usually the canvas bags, plus the rubber home plate.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.4 · recall

1.12Third Outs and the Winner

When a run crossing the plate does not count, a run that stands, the walk-off with the bases loaded, and the winner.

Test 1When a run does not count, and who winsTake a test

  1. No run scores on a play in which the third out is made by any runner being forced out, whenever the run crossed.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1 · applied

  2. A run does not score when the third out is a preceding runner declared out for failing to touch a base.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1 · applied

  3. The batter-runner had already touched first, and a tag out is not a force, so the run that crossed first stands.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1 · applied

  4. A run does not score if the runner touches home plate while the third out is being made.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.3 · recall

  5. The winner is the team that has scored more runs, in accordance with the rules, when the game ends.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.5 · recall

  6. With the winning run forced home, the game ends only when the runner from third touches home plate and the batter-runner touches first.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.2 · applied

  7. Three outs end a half-inning, two half-innings make an inning, and a regulation game is a set number of innings.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.47 · recall

  8. The appeal at first turns the missed base into the third out; as that out came from the batter-runner, nothing that crossed on the play scores.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1 · applied

  9. When the third out is made by the batter-runner before he touches first base, no run scores on that play.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.1 · applied

Sources

WBSC Official Rules of Baseball 2025-2026, Rule 1 (with the scoring rule 10.8 and the terms of Rule 6 it relies on) (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the Rules, not reproduced)

  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.16
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.33
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.11
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.21
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.41
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.701
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.731
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.81
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.8, 6.73, 6.701
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.41
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 1.51
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 10.8.21
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 6.471