Baseball · Official Rules of Baseball
Law 17: Fielding Record
3 parts · 3 tests · 30 facts · updated 28 October 2026 · markdown
Putouts, including the automatic ones, assists, what is and is not an error, double plays, wild pitches and passed balls.
17.171Putouts and Assists
Who gets the putout and the assist, including automatic putouts.
Test 1Putouts and assistsTake a test
On an uncaught infield fly the scorer credits the putout to the fielder who, in his judgement, could have made the catch.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.1 · applied
The putout goes to the fielder the runner evaded.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.3 · applied
The putout goes to the fielder nearest the point where the runner passed the other.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.4 · applied
An assist is credited to each fielder who throws or deflects the ball so as to produce an out, or one that an error prevented.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.1 · recall
No assist goes to the pitcher on a strikeout, unless he fields an uncaught third strike and throws for an out.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.3.1 · recall
However often he handles it in the run-down, a fielder earns a single assist.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.1.2 · applied
An automatic putout goes to the catcher when the batter is out for interfering with him.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.3.5 · applied
The fielder who throws gets the assist; the one who completes the out gets the putout.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1, 17.2 · recall
When an appeal after the play is started by the pitcher's throw, he and he alone is credited with an assist.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.1.4 · recall
The catcher gets an automatic putout when the batter is called out on strikes.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.3.1 · applied
17.172Errors
What counts as an error and what does not.
Test 1ErrorsTake a test
An error is charged to a fielder whose bad action on a play benefits the offensive team.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.1 · recall
Slow handling of the ball without a mechanical misplay is not an error.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.1.1 · applied
It is not necessary for a fielder to touch the ball to be charged with an error.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.1.2 · recall
Dropping a foul fly that prolongs the batter's time at bat is an error, whatever the batter does afterwards.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.2 · applied
The scorer does not charge mental or judgement mistakes as errors; throwing to the wrong base is one of them.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.4.2 · applied
The scorer does not charge an error to a pitcher who fails to cover first base.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.4.1 · applied
Only one error is charged on a bad throw, however many bases the runners advance.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.3 · applied
The fielder whose misplay let the batter reach is charged with the error.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.1 · recall
When bases are awarded for interference or obstruction, the scorer charges one error to the fielder who committed it.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.3.1 · recall
Letting a ground ball through the legs that ordinary effort would have fielded is an error.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.3 · applied
17.173Double Plays and Pitches That Get Away
Double plays, grounding into one, wild pitches and passed balls.
Test 1Double plays, wild pitches and passed ballsTake a test
A wild pitch is too high, low or wide, or in the dirt, for the catcher to catch or stop with ordinary effort, letting runners advance.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.1 · recall
A passed ball is charged when the catcher fails to hold a pitch he could have controlled with ordinary effort.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.2.1 · applied
If the third strike is a wild pitch that lets the batter reach first, the scorer records both a strikeout and a wild pitch.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.3 · applied
No wild pitch or passed ball is charged if the defence makes an out before any runner advances.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.3 · applied
With fewer than two out and runners forced, an infield grounder that causes two or three force outs is charged as grounding into a double play.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.2 · recall
Each fielder who makes a putout or an assist when two or three players are put out shares in the double or triple play.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.1 · recall
Participation in a double play is credited for a forced double play and for a reverse double play alike.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.1.3 · recall
A third strike the catcher should have held, letting the batter reach first, is a strikeout and a passed ball.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.2.2 · recall
Two force outs on one grounder with fewer than two out go down against the batter.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.2 · recall
A pitch that touches the ground before reaching the catcher and cannot be caught, letting a runner advance, is a wild pitch.
Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.2 · applied
Sources
WBSC Official Rules of Baseball 2025-2026, Rule 17 (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the Rules, not reproduced)
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.22
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.4.41
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.3.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.1.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.3.51
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1, 17.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.2.2.1.41
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.1.3.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.1.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.1.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.4.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.4.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.3.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.3.2.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.2.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.11
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.4.1.31
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.2.21
- WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Rule 17.5.1.21