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Baseball · Official Rules of Baseball

Law 22: Game Management Clocks

2 parts · 2 tests · 20 facts · updated 28 October 2026 · markdown

Appendix 3: the batter under the pitch clock, the visit, pitching change and between-inning clocks, their penalties, and where the clocks stand.

22.221The Batter and the Visit Clock

Late batters, stepping out of the box, the 30-second visit and who runs the clocks.

Test 1The batter, the visit clock and who runs the clocksTake a test

  1. A batter who is not in the box ready for the pitch when the clock expires from five seconds or less is charged a strike.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C1 · applied

  2. A check swing is one of the listed cases in which the batter may leave the box with both feet.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C1 · applied

  3. The batter may leave the box with both feet when the catcher is attempting a play, such as on a pop fly.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C1 · applied

  4. The visit clock gives the coach or manager thirty seconds with the pitcher.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2 · recall

  5. The visit clock starts as the coach or manager crosses the foul line on his way to the mound.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2 · recall

  6. A visit-clock violation gives a ball to the batter at the plate, and the pitch clock is then started.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2 · applied

  7. All game management clocks are run by an official WBSC umpire assigned by the tournament umpire director.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C · recall

  8. The clock runs from the foul line, and he must be walking back before it reaches zero.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2 · recall

  9. Twenty seconds for a pitch, thirty for a visit, ninety for a U-12 pitching change and 120 otherwise.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C · recall

  10. The coach or manager must be on his way back to the dugout before the visit clock reaches zero.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2 · applied

22.222Pitching Changes and Breaks

The pitching change and between-inning clocks, their penalties, and the clocks at the venue.

Test 1Pitching changes, breaks and the clocks themselvesTake a test

  1. The pitching change clock is 120 seconds, or 90 seconds at the U-12 Baseball World Cup.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C3 · recall

  2. The pitching change clock starts as the pitcher coming from the bullpen steps onto the warning track.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C3 · recall

  3. U-12 games use a 90-second pitching change clock and a 90-second between-inning clock.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C3 · recall

  4. A defensive violation gives the next batter a ball; an offensive one gives the pitcher a strike.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C3 · applied

  5. The between-inning clock is started as soon as the third out of the half-inning is made.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C4 · recall

  6. The exception is the five-minute field maintenance in the fifth inning, or an adjustment for live television.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C4 · recall

  7. The outfield clock needs digits at least 30 inches high; the infield clock at least 24 inches.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C5 · recall

  8. The clock starts at the third out; the catcher's throw down comes at 30 seconds, and the batter steps in as it ends.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C4 · recall

  9. The change clock runs from the warning track, with eight warm-ups at most and no throws in the last 15 seconds.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C3 · recall

  10. The outfield clock beside the batter's eye is for the batter and plate umpire; the infield clock is for the pitcher.

    Source: WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C5.1 · applied

Sources

WBSC Official Rules of Baseball 2025-2026, Appendix 3 (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the Rules, not reproduced)

  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C25
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C35
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C13
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C43
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C2
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C51
  • WBSC ORB 2025-2026, Appendix 3, C5.11