Law 1: Jump elements: combinations, sequences, the Euler

A jump element is defined as an individual jump, a jump combination or a jump sequence; a combination or sequence is one element however many jumps it holds.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · recall

In a jump combination the skater takes off for the next jump from the foot the previous jump landed on.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · recall

One full revolution on the ice between the jumps, with the free foot touching but no weight transfer, keeps the element a jump combination; the same holds for a jump sequence.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · applied

The Euler is a non-listed jump: between two listed jumps it has no value and is not counted in the number of jumps the combination is allowed.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · recall

An Euler cannot be part of the Short Program's jump combination. In Free Skating it may be used once, between two listed jumps.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rules 610, 611.4 · recall

If the first jump of a two-jump combination is not successful and becomes a non-listed jump, the unit is still considered a jump combination.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · applied

A singles jump sequence has two or three jumps of any revolutions, and the second and/or third is an Axel-type jump entered by a direct step from the landing curve of the jump before.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · recall

In a combination each take-off is from the previous landing foot. An Euler between two listed jumps may be used once in Free Skating; it has no value of its own.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rules 610, 612 · applied

In a jump sequence the step goes straight from the landing curve of one jump into the take-off curve of the Axel-type jump.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · applied

In A the second jump takes off from the foot the first landed on, a combination. B steps onto the other foot first, as in a sequence; C and D put several steps between the jumps, so they are two separate jumps.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · applied

Jump combinations and jump sequences are valued as one unit by adding the base values of the jumps in them.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.i · recall

The GOE of a combination or sequence is applied with the numerical value of its most difficult jump.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.i · recall

Jumps executed in a jump sequence receive their full value; the sequence is then valued as one unit.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 610 · recall

Only the base values of the qualifying jump elements are multiplied by 1.1; the GOE is not.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · recall

The factor is given in the Short Program and Free Skating of Single Skating, to reward an even spread of difficulty through the program.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · recall

The second half starts in the middle of the required time, without counting the plus or minus 10 seconds allowance.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · recall

After an interruption of up to three minutes, the factor applies only to jump elements started in the second half before it. After a stop for medical attention under Rule 515.5 the factor is still applied.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · applied

With the 1.1 factor 3.30 becomes 3.63 and 3.70 becomes 4.07, so they sit on either side of the unfactored 4.00. The values here are examples, not the season's table.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · applied

Each factored base value is rounded to two decimal places; the GOE is not factored and is added afterwards.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · applied

In Free Skating only the last three jump elements in the second half earn the factor. Four come after the middle here, so the first of them, A, does not; in the Short Program only the last one would.

Source: ISU Sports Rules S&P/ID 2026, Rule 353.1.h.iii · applied