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Triathlon · Competition Rules

Part 11: Technical Officials

1 parts · 5 tests · 50 facts · updated 12 October 2026 · markdown

Who the Technical Officials are and what each does, para triathlon classifiers, technology and volunteers, the Competition Jury's members, duties and integrity, and how officials move between federations.

11.111Technical Officials

Officials and their roles, para classifiers, technology and volunteers, the Competition Jury, and international transfers of officials.

Test 1Who the officials areTake a test

  1. Technical Officials must be at least 19 years old on 31 December of the year of the competition.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.1 c (Technical Officials) · recall

  2. A competition under these rules needs a Technical Delegate and a Head Referee.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.1 d (Technical Officials) · recall

  3. The Head Referee checks officials' certification, signs the results and makes final judgments on rule violations.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  4. The Chief Race Official (CRO) assigns and monitors all Technical Officials.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iv) (Technical Officials) · recall

  5. The Competition Jury is appointed by the Technical Delegate.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (vii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  6. The Medical Delegate, appointed by the Medical and Anti-Doping Committee, is responsible for medical and anti-doping issues.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (viii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  7. The Technical Delegate and Head Referee of the same event cannot be linked by a first-degree relationship.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (ix) (Technical Officials) · applied

  8. The TD oversees the rules and manual, the Head Referee signs results, the CRO assigns officials.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (i), (iii), (iv) (Technical Officials) · applied

  9. Officials are assigned along the whole course, from the start to the finish.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (v) (Technical Officials) · recall

  10. Age is taken on 31 December of the event year: born in 2008, the applicant turns 19 in 2027.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.1 c (Technical Officials) · applied

Test 2Para officials, technology and volunteersTake a test

  1. The Chief Classifier is responsible for the direction, administration and coordination of classification.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 a (Technical Officials) · recall

  2. Classifiers determine sport class for PTS2-PTS5 and PTWC1-PTWC2; visually impaired classes are assessed separately.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 b (Technical Officials) · recall

  3. World Triathlon's Para triathlon Classification Rules are in Appendix G.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 d (Technical Officials) · recall

  4. Officials may use any electric, electronic, magnetic or other technological support to gather evidence.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 Technology Tools (Technical Officials) · recall

  5. All volunteers assigned to areas of responsibility on the field of play must be educated to the minimum standard.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.5 a (Technical Officials) · recall

  6. World Triathlon encourages Technical Officials to undergo an annual health evaluation.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.6 a (Technical Officials) · recall

  7. Technical Officials can be accredited as Bike Check Officials to conduct technological fraud control (Appendix N).

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (vi) (Technical Officials) · recall

  8. The Chief Classifier directs the work, classifiers assess, and athletes receive a sport class.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 a-b (Technical Officials) · applied

  9. Technology can supply supporting evidence; the Head Referee makes the final judgment.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iii); 11.4 (Technical Officials) · applied

  10. PTVI1-PTVI3 are assessed by classifiers certified by the International Blind Sports Federation and the IPC.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 c (Technical Officials) · applied

Test 3Who sits on the Competition JuryTake a test

  1. Olympic Games and elite Championship Finals juries have five members; other events have three.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 e (Technical Officials) · recall

  2. For all other World Triathlon events the jury has three members.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (Technical Officials) · recall

  3. The Technical Delegate or the Assistant Technical Delegate chairs the jury.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 e-f (Technical Officials) · recall

  4. The five come from the TD or ATD, an Executive Board member, the host federation, the Technical Committee and the Medical Committee.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 e (Technical Officials) · recall

  5. Being a jury member is not compatible with being an accredited coach at the same event.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 g (Technical Officials) · applied

  6. Experts invited to a hearing may have a voice but no vote.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (iv) (Technical Officials) · recall

  7. Jury membership is incompatible with being a Technical Official at the event, other than the Technical Delegate.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 g (i) (Technical Officials) · recall

  8. The chair decides on conflicts, picks a replacement at their discretion, and the jury keeps its original size.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (ii) (Technical Officials) · applied

  9. The second seat goes to World Triathlon first, then the Continental Confederation, then the host federation if none are present.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (ii) (Technical Officials) · applied

  10. Outside the Olympic Games and elite Finals, the Competition Jury has three members.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (Technical Officials) · applied

Test 4What the jury doesTake a test

  1. The Competition Jury rules on all protests.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (i) (Technical Officials) · recall

  2. Modifying results as a consequence of a protest decision is a field of play decision.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (ii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  3. The jury must be available from before the athletes' briefing until after the end of competition.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (iii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  4. The chair decides on conflicts of interest and can appoint a replacement, keeping the same number of members.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (ii) (Technical Officials) · recall

  5. The athlete is innocent until the violation is established to the jury's complete satisfaction.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (i) (Technical Officials) · recall

  6. Honest testimony can vary and conflict because of personal observation or recollection.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (i) (Technical Officials) · applied

  7. The chair appoints a replacement, and the jury keeps its original number of members.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (ii) (Technical Officials) · applied

  8. The jury meets at least after the briefing, an hour before the start and after the last finisher.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 i (i) (Technical Officials) · recall

  9. The jury keeps an open mind until all evidence is in, decides, may modify results, and the chair records the decision in writing.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h, j (Technical Officials) · applied

  10. Age-group juries also meet after the first finisher and after the first half of the field has finished.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 i (ii) (Technical Officials) · applied

Test 5Officials moving between federationsTake a test

  1. Only one affiliation is recognised by World Triathlon.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 b (Technical Officials) · recall

  2. International officials (levels 1, 2, 3a and 3b) moving federation must apply for an international transfer.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 c (Technical Officials) · recall

  3. The application is signed by the federation left and the federation joined.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 d (Technical Officials) · recall

  4. Applications are introduced between 1 November and 31 December.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 f (Technical Officials) · recall

  5. With only the receiving federation's approval, the change takes effect on 15 January in the second following year.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 h (Technical Officials) · applied

  6. In the meantime they can act as an international official under the World Triathlon flag, representing no federation.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 i (Technical Officials) · recall

  7. Appeals on the transfer process go to the World Triathlon Tribunal.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 j (Technical Officials) · recall

  8. Filed between 1 November and 31 December, signed by both sides, effective 15 January the next year.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 d-g (Technical Officials) · applied

  9. The window runs from 1 November to 31 December; with both federations agreeing, the change applies from 15 January.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 f-g (Technical Officials) · recall

  10. With both federations signing, the change applies from 15 January of the following year.

    Source: World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 g (Technical Officials) · applied

Sources

World Triathlon Competition Rules, January 2025, Part 11 (paraphrased in original wording; original questions authored from the rules, not reproduced)

  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (ii) (Technical Officials)3
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.1 c (Technical Officials)2
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 e (Technical Officials)2
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (Technical Officials)2
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 j (i) (Technical Officials)2
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.1 d (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iv) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (vii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (viii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (ix) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (i), (iii), (iv) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (v) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 a (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 b (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 d (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 Technology Tools (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.5 a (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.6 a (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (vi) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 a-b (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.2 a (iii); 11.4 (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.3 c (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 e-f (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 g (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (iv) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 g (i) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 f (ii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (i) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (ii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h (iii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 i (i) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 h, j (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.4 i (ii) (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 b (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 c (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 d (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 f (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 h (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 i (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 j (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 d-g (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 f-g (Technical Officials)1
  • World Triathlon Competition Rules (January 2025), 11.8 g (Technical Officials)1