Steps and Turns

Turns are twizzles, brackets, loops, counters, rockers and three turns; mohawks, choctaws and chassés are steps.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

Steps are toe steps, chassés, mohawks, choctaws, changes of edge and cross rolls.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

A three turn is an ordinary turn on the list, not one of the harder ones a step sequence needs for its variety.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

The choctaw is the one step on the difficult list; the other difficult items are all one-foot turns.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

In singles a twizzle needs at least two revolutions to be counted.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

Turns and steps must be skated on clean edges; a jumped turn is not counted as performed.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

In dance mode the footwork is very neat with excellent posture; a free skater is less concerned with neatness and posture.

Source: Special Olympics Figure Skating Coaching Guide (2021) · recall

In a combination the exit edge of one turn is the entry edge of the next, and the free foot stays off the ice.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied

A choctaw changes foot directly from outside to inside edge and forward to backward, the exit curve opposite to the entry.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied

B winds along the rink in big S-shaped curves, a serpentine. A is a straight line, C a circle, D an oval.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied

With the small-pattern reduction gone, skaters choose their pattern and judges look at the quality of the element.

Source: ISU Handbook for Referees & Judges, Single and Pair Skating 2026/27 · recall

Free skating moves such as spread eagles and spirals may be included without harming the even distribution of turns and steps.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

A full body rotation is one complete rotation; turning half a revolution back and forth does not count.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

Movements of the arms, head, torso, hips or legs count when they affect the balance of the main body core.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

Listed jumps of up to one and a half revolutions may be included; they are not called and take no jump box.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · recall

The first bullet is deep edges, clean steps and turns and control of the whole body, followed by matching the music.

Source: ISU Communication 2788, Levels of Difficulty and GOE Guidelines, Single & Pair Skating 2026/27 · recall

One step sequence bullet is good acceleration and deceleration: the skater controls changes of pace.

Source: ISU Communication 2788, Levels of Difficulty and GOE Guidelines, Single & Pair Skating 2026/27 · recall

The handbook asks for at least 5, 7, 9 and 11 difficult turns and steps for these four varieties.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied

Rotating in either direction means at least a third of the sequence one way and at least a third the other.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied

C turns each way for at least a third of the sequence. A and D turn one way for less than a third, B only one way.

Source: ISU Technical Panel Handbook, Single Skating 2026/27 · applied