Law 24: 2nd Referee

He stands outside the court near the post, on the opposite side to the 1st referee and facing him.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.1 · recall

He assists the 1st referee but also has his own range of jurisdiction.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.1 · recall

He may signal them without whistling but may not insist on them to the 1st referee.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.2 · recall

He controls the work of the scorer or scorers.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.3 · recall

He supervises the team members on the bench and reports their misconduct to the 1st referee.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.4 · recall

At the top level the duty of controlling the warm-up areas falls to the reserve referee.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.10 · recall

Only the game captain may formally speak to the referees, but such a short exchange does not affect the game.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2; Casebook 2024 7.9 · applied

Should the 1st referee be unable to continue, the 2nd referee may replace him.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.1 · applied

The 2nd referee may step up to replace the 1st referee.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.1 · recall

The 2nd referee stands on the scorer's side, facing the 1st referee across the net.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 23.1, 24.1 · recall

The 2nd referee authorises interruptions, controls their duration and rejects improper requests.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.6 · recall

He controls the number of time-outs and substitutions each team has used.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.7 · recall

In case of injury he authorises an exceptional substitution or grants the recovery time.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.8 · recall

He reports the second time-out, and the fifth and sixth substitutions, to the 1st referee and the coach concerned.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.7 · applied

During the match he checks that the balls still fulfil the regulations.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.9 · recall

He checks at the start of each set, at the change of courts in the deciding set, and whenever necessary.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.1 · recall

Like the 1st referee, he checks and signs the score sheet.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.3 · recall

He checks the condition of the floor, mainly in the front zone.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.9 · applied

Every set's first rally is preceded by a check, and set 5 gets one more when ends are swapped.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.1 · recall

The recovery time comes only when no substitution, legal or exceptional, is possible.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.2.8, 17.1.2 · recall

He decides the positional faults of the receiving team.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.2 · recall

He decides faulty net contact primarily, not exclusively, on the blocker's side.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.3 · recall

He decides contact with the antenna on his side of the court.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.3 · recall

Penetration into the opponent's court and the space under the net is the 2nd referee's call.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.1 · applied

He decides floor contact when the 1st referee cannot see it.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.6 · recall

Contact of the ball with an outside object is one of his decisions.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.5 · recall

Back-row blocks and Libero block attempts appear in both referees' lists.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.4, 23.3.2.3 · recall

No. 11 is nearer the net than the matching front-row player: a positional fault of the receiving team, the 2nd referee's call.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 7.4.3.1, 24.3.2.2 · applied

Faults whistled by the 2nd referee start with the fault itself.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 22.2.3.2, 24.3.2.2 · applied

The antenna on his side is his call; the 1st referee then indicates only who serves.

Source: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 24.3.2.3, 22.2.3.2 · applied