Aller au contenu
Insporta Book
fr
EnglishРусскийDeutschEspañolEestiSuomiItalianoFrançaisPolski日本語한국어中文
FootballCricketFutsalTriathlonTennisGolfPatinage artistiqueBasketballVolley-ballMéthodologiePourquoi ça marcheFaire un test

Basketball · Faits intéressants

Chapitre 5 : Équipement et technologie

10 tests · 100 faits · mis à jour le 24 octobre 2026 · markdown

The kit and the tools: the ball's story, broken backboards, sneakers and uniforms, famous goggles and masks, the ice under the floor, replay and tracking, how players are measured, game wheelchairs and the companies behind the kit.

5.51The Ball's Story

Spalding, the orange ball, the leather, the signature, Wilson, Molten and the WNBA's two-tone ball.

Test 1the history of the ballFaire un test

  1. Naismith asked for a ball made for the new game.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  2. Each new commissioner's name replaces the last.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  3. Earlier balls were a darker brown.

    Source : Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com) · restitution

  4. The same firm makes leather for American footballs.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  5. Spalding had made the NBA ball since 1983.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  6. The company is based in Hiroshima.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  7. From 1983 to 2021.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  8. The 1890s, the late 1950s, 2006 and 2021.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  9. 1876, 1913 and 1958.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

  10. The ball was meant to stand out for the new women's league.

    Source : Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com) · restitution

5.52Hoops, Nets and Shattered Backboards

Chuck Connors, Chocolate Thunder, Shaq in Phoenix and the spare basket.

Test 1broken backboards and basketsFaire un test

  1. He starred as The Rifleman.

    Source : Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com) · restitution

  2. One of them was in Kansas City.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  3. He named his dunks too, with long rhyming titles.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  4. He said he practised dunks there.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  5. The 24-second clock on top came down with it.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  6. Every broken board stopped a game for a long time.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  7. Changing a broken unit can then take minutes rather than an hour.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  8. 1946, 1979 and 1988.

    Source : Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com) · restitution

  9. 1975, 1979 and 1993.

    Source : NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com) · restitution

  10. The broadcaster Bill Raftery shouted 'Send it in, Jerome!'

    Source : University of Pittsburgh Athletics (pittsburghpanthers.com); ESPN (espn.com) · restitution

5.53Sneakers Through Time

Converse, the shell toe, the Clyde, Air Force 1, the Pump and the $15 shoe.

Test 1the history of basketball shoesFaire un test

  1. It was a basketball shoe long before it became a fashion shoe.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  2. Many NBA players wore it in the 1970s.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  3. It was one of the first shoes named after an NBA player.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  4. It was designed by Bruce Kilgore.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  5. Dee Brown pumped his up before dunking in the 1991 contest.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  6. He trained as an architect before joining Nike.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  7. He wanted children to afford good basketball shoes.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  8. 1917, 1969, 1982 and 1985.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  9. 1973, 1985 and 2006.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

  10. The deal was worth about $305 million.

    Source : Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com) · restitution

5.54Shorts, Jerseys and Uniforms

Baggy shorts, tear-aways, sleeves, editions, patches and short shorts.

Test 1uniforms through timeFaire un test

  1. Young players everywhere copied the look.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  2. Snap buttons ran down each leg.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  3. Some players were seen tugging at the sleeves during games.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  4. The editions also include Association and Statement.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  5. The patches appeared from the 2017-18 season.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  6. He wore it with Boston for fourteen seasons.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  7. His shorts became one of the NBA's jokes.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  8. 1992, 2013 and 2017.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  9. From 2001, 2006 and 2017.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

  10. The kit had short sleeves, like a T-shirt.

    Source : NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com) · restitution

5.55Goggles, Masks and Sleeves

Kareem, Rambis, Grant, Worthy, Kobe's black mask and Iverson's sleeve.

Test 1famous goggles, masks and sleevesFaire un test

  1. Opponents' fingers kept catching his eyes under the basket.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  2. Fans called him Clark Kent.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  3. He wore them through three title seasons.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  4. He was Finals MVP in 1988.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  5. He had broken his nose in the All-Star Game.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  6. He had a detached retina.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  7. It often hangs half out of his mouth.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  8. The 1970s, 2001 and 2012.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  9. 2003, 2012 and 2014.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

  10. He first wore it because of a swollen elbow.

    Source : NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites · restitution

5.56Ice Under the Floor

Arenas shared with ice hockey and the changeover between games.

Test 1courts laid over iceFaire un test

  1. It opened in 2001.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  2. Arena crews can do it between an afternoon and an evening game.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  3. The panels lock together like a puzzle.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  4. The arena also hosted the Kings hockey team and the Sparks.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  5. The two teams sometimes play there on the same day.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  6. The arena opened in 1999.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  7. Insulated boards keep the cold away from the court.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  8. The ice itself stays frozen underneath.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  9. About 61 x 26 m, 28 x 15 m and 15 x 11 m.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  10. The court sits on insulated boards laid over the frozen rink.

    Source : Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

5.57Replay, Cameras and Tracking

Instant replay, the Replay Center, challenges and tracking cameras.

Test 1replay and trackingFaire un test

  1. Officials could check whether a last shot beat the clock.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  2. Officials there review plays from every game.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  3. A successful challenge is kept by the coach.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  4. Second Spectrum took over in 2017.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  5. They say which calls were right or wrong.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  6. Hawk-Eye also checks line calls in tennis.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  7. A starter covers more than 3 km in a typical game.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  8. 2002, 2013, 2014 and 2019.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  9. From 2013, 2017 and 2023.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

  10. SportVU recorded 25 frames a second.

    Source : NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com) · restitution

5.58Measuring Players

Barefoot heights, the Draft Combine, wingspan, reach and big hands.

Test 1how players are measuredFaire un test

  1. Listed heights had grown by an inch or two with shoes.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  2. Prospects are measured and tested there before the draft.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  3. Players shuffle, sprint and backpedal round the lane.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  4. The rim is 3.05 m high.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  5. They measured 9.75 inches long and 11.25 inches wide.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  6. A long wingspan for one's height helps on defence.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  7. He stood 2.31 m tall.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  8. Reach adds the arm stretched up above the head.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  9. About 2.31 m, 2.24 m and 2.06 m.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

  10. Many great defenders have a wingspan well beyond their height.

    Source : NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine) · restitution

5.59Wheelchairs and Adaptive Basketball

How game chairs are built, the first teams and Special Olympics Unified play.

Test 1wheelchair and adaptive basketballFaire un test

  1. Veterans of the Second World War formed the first teams.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  2. A guard's chair is set up differently from a centre's.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  3. A light chair turns and speeds up faster.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  4. Straps let players tilt the chair to reach higher.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  5. He won three Paralympic golds with Canada.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  6. Teammates of mixed ability play side by side.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  7. The push rims are hard on bare skin.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  8. The mid-1940s, 1948 and 1960.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  9. The small wheel at the back stops the chair tipping over.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

  10. Camber makes the chair steadier and quicker to turn.

    Source : International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org) · restitution

5.60The Companies Behind the Kit

Spalding, Wilson, adidas and Puma, Nike, Converse, Li-Ning and Under Armour.

Test 1the companies that make the kitFaire un test

  1. He opened his sporting goods shop in Chicago in 1876.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  2. It first made goods such as racket strings from by-products.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  3. Adi and Rudolf Dassler split their shoe firm in 1948.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  4. Phil Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman started it.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  5. Marquis Mills Converse started it in Malden.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  6. Li Ning won three golds at the 1984 Olympics.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  7. He played for the University of Maryland.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  8. 1876, 1908, 1949 and 1964.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  9. 1948, 1958 and 1990.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

  10. Her name in Greek is Nike.

    Source : The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson · restitution

Sources

Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, the NBA, FIBA, the EuroLeague, the NCAA, the WNBA, clubs' and universities' own histories, auction houses' published results and named reputable media.

  • Converse (converse.com); adidas (adidas-group.com); Puma (about.puma.com); Nike (about.nike.com); Reebok (reebok.com)10
  • NBA uniform histories (nba.com); University of Michigan Athletics (mgoblue.com)10
  • NBA History (nba.com); team histories on the teams' official sites10
  • Arena operators' official sites (msg.com; cryptoarena.com; scotiabankarena.com; americanairlinescenter.com); NBA (nba.com)10
  • NBA Official, 'Replay Center' and 'Last Two Minute Reports' (official.nba.com); NBA (nba.com)10
  • NBA Draft Combine measurements (nba.com/stats/draft/combine)10
  • International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (iwbf.org); International Paralympic Committee (paralympic.org); Special Olympics (specialolympics.org)10
  • The companies' own histories: Spalding, Converse, adidas, Puma, Nike, Molten, Li-Ning (lining.com), Under Armour (about.underarmour.com), Wilson10
  • Spalding (spalding.com); Wilson (wilson.com); Molten (molten.co.jp); NBA (nba.com); WNBA (wnba.com)9
  • NBA History and NBA.com (nba.com)7
  • Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (hoophall.com)3
  • University of Pittsburgh Athletics (pittsburghpanthers.com); ESPN (espn.com)1