Field Hockey · 興味深い事実
第6章:珍しい雑学
テスト10件 · 事実100件 · 2026年10月30日 更新 · markdown
Fairy tales, mascots, royal bans and things that really happened at the Games.
6.61Zimbabwe's Fairytale
A team that had never seen a turf pitch got a late invitation to Moscow, and won.
テスト 1Zimbabwe at Moscow, 1980テストを受ける
Reports speak of three to five weeks, as boycotts left gaps in the field.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
Teams that had not qualified were asked in to fill them.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
They had to buy multi-stud boots in Moscow.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
Their boots had been made for grass.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
Her husband Clive was her training partner.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
It was the best level of opposition they could find at short notice.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
The country had been independent for only a matter of months.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
2-2, 4-1, 4-0.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
April 1980, June 1980, July 1980, 2018.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 想起
Austria, Czechoslovakia, India, Poland, the USSR and Zimbabwe.
出典:FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey · 応用
6.62The Magic Stick
The stories about Dhyan Chand have grown over the years. Which ones do people still tell?
テスト 1Dhyan Chand: legend and factテストを受ける
The story is told in many versions; the proof is thin.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
It shows how a tale changes with each teller.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
The story says no ordinary two-handed man could play so well; it is best enjoyed as a legend.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
One story has him practising by moonlight, another credits a prophecy by a coach.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
ThePrint argues Hitler never met him at all, so treat it as a legend.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
The change was announced on 6 August, while India's Olympic hockey teams were in the news.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
It was called Allahabad in his day, though he grew up mostly in Jhansi.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
1905, 1936, 2021.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
From west to east: the magnet, the statue, the glue.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 想起
The tale has been repeated for decades, and it keeps growing.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 2021 · 応用
6.63The Lancashire Witches
An Easter touring team with no rules, no officials and a very well-dressed mascot.
テスト 1The Lancashire Witchesテストを受ける
Bill Woodcock started the team for that one purpose.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
Membership was by invitation only.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
With green socks and navy blue shorts.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
For a club with no officials, it was a generous system.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
It was the Stade Français Easter Festival, and France was preparing for war.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
She also collects badges, ties and pennants.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
Artificial pitches and fewer Easter festivals reduced the demand.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
1938, 1939, 1951, 2025.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
These were their stops after the team reunited in 1948.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 想起
She was first decorated with festival memorabilia in Paris, in 1939.
出典:The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org) · 応用
6.64The Medieval Ban
An English king once tried to stop people playing stick-and-ball games, or did he?
テスト 1The medieval banテストを受ける
He had wars to fight, and wanted men ready for them.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
A nation's longbowmen did not train themselves.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
The word 'hockey' therefore only appears in later translations of it.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
It comes from a word for a stick, while the others are for feet and hands.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
Handball and cockfighting were on the list too.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
The 1527 mention is often quoted as an early use of the word.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
A modern translator chose the word; the original Latin did not use it.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
1363, 1527, 1873.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
Handball, football, then the stick game.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 想起
A skilled army of archers was thought far more use than a good stick player.
出典:Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?' · 応用
6.65Los Angeles, 1932
A keeper signing autographs, a 'many wives' headline and a very big score.
テスト 1India in Los Angeles, 1932テストを受ける
The backs looked back and saw him behind the goalpost with the fans.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
The wives were a myth; the 'lions' were Roop Singh and Gurmeet Singh.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
The joke was a play on the family name Singh, which means lion.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
He is credited with the record for most goals in one hockey match.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
Roop and Dhyan were brothers, and scored 18 of the team's 24 goals that day.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
He went on to serve as High Commissioner to Ceylon.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
The team was the first group of Indian sportsmen to visit the United States.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
4, 8, 10.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
2, 15, 24, 35.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 想起
He conceded only two goals in the two matches of 1932.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm) · 応用
6.66India at Wembley, 1948
The first Olympic gold of independent India, and a schoolboy's boast about a king.
テスト 1India at Wembley, 1948テストを受ける
It was the first Olympic hockey meeting between the two.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
Balbir Singh scored both of the first-half goals.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
Partition had scattered India's experienced players.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
He had been flown in to join India's team in 1936.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
India's captain sat down to dinner with King George after the Games.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
India House hosted the event.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
After the Games they toured France, Czechoslovakia and Switzerland.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
2-1, 2-0, 4-0, 8-0.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
The team was celebrated all the way home.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 想起
It was the fulfilment of a boast from Mhow, in central India.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm) · 応用
6.67After the Munich Final
A disputed 1-0, a bucket of water and a very long ban.
テスト 1After the Munich final, 1972テストを受ける
It was the host nation's first gold in the sport.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
Pakistan disputed the corner, and also a disallowed goal of its own.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
Pakistani fans and officials had stormed the officials' table.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
Disrespect to the flag was alleged as well.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
The first decision was a ban of four years.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
The ban on them was reduced to two years.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
Pakistan got its gold that time, against West Germany.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
Two years, four years, life.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
1960, 1972, 1984.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 想起
It came after West Germany's 1-0 win over Pakistan.
出典:Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman · 応用
6.68Negi's Nightmare
One goalkeeper's terrible day inspired one of India's biggest sports films.
テスト 1Mir Ranjan Negiテストを受ける
It was the final, and it was played at home in New Delhi.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
The blame fell on him, whoever else was involved.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
He was accused of betraying the team for money, though nothing was ever proved.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
He said the film was not a documentary of his own life.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
It appears on the Indian hockey archive bharatiyahockey.org.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
India's women had just beaten Australia at Tokyo.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
The film gave him a late moment of fame as well.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
1982, 2007, 2021.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
1, 7, 25.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 想起
Years on, he would see his story retold, loosely, on the big screen.
出典:bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup · 応用
6.69Hit by a Flick
Umpires in the firing line, teams walking off and players miscounted.
テスト 1Odd things in matchesテストを受ける
He fell in pain and left for medical attention.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
He was standing a few metres from the post.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
South Korea's Jang Jonghyun took the flick in the 28th minute.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
A Dutch stick got a touch on it on the way through.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
India's Raghu Prasad took over.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
His stick swung up and struck a British player across the face.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
The Auckland Star called it the 'hockey dispute'.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
1945, 2023, 2024.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
All in the 28th minute of the match.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 想起
They are among the hardest shots in the game.
出典:The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn · 応用
6.70Kuala Lumpur, 1975
India's only World Cup title has a story told by the hero of the semi-final.
テスト 1India's 1975 World Cupテストを受ける
Ahmed Sher Khan had been in India's squad there, 39 years before his son's big day.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
A massive crowd in Kuala Lumpur was against India.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
It is now hosted on the bharatiyahockey.org archive.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
Another account says three minutes: memories differ.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
Ashok Kumar scored, 39 years after his father's last Olympic final.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
Being massively supported did not save them in the end.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
The 1975 title remains its only one.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
1936, then the semi-final and final in 1975.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
1975, 1982, 2018.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 想起
Long left out of the team, he came on and saved the day for India.
出典:Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 1975 · 応用
出典
Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: the FIH and its continental federations, national associations, The Hockey Museum, the Olympic Channel and Olympedia, Guinness World Records, clubs' and makers' own histories, museums and named reputable media.
- FIH, 'A captain recalls Zimbabwe's golden moment' (fih.hockey); Olympedia, Moscow 1980 hockey10
- bharatiyahockey.org, 'Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand' and 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; ThePrint, 'Dhyan Chand: the hockey wizard'; Outlook India, 2024; The Bridge and Scroll on the Khel Ratna, August 202110
- The Hockey Museum, 'The Lancashire Witches: raising spirits with spell-binding Easter hockey' (hockeymuseum.org)10
- Protoball, '1363.1' (protoball.org), on the proclamation of Edward III; Olympedia, 'Hockey'; History Hit, 'Why was medieval football banned?'10
- bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1932' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1932.htm)10
- bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1948' (bharatiyahockey.org/olympics/golden/1948.htm)10
- Olympedia, Munich 1972 hockey results; Dawn, 'Looking back'; Newsline, 'Past scandals in Pakistan hockey'; Asian Hockey Federation obituary of Lala Fazal-ur-Rehman10
- bharatiyahockey.org, 'From Gloom to Glory - by Mir Ranjan Negi'; Hindustan Times, 3 August 2021; Scroll, on the 2018 World Cup10
- The Bridge, 'Umpire hit on face by ball from drag flick', 25 January 2023; Sports Digest on Paris 2024; Auckland Star, 'Hockey dispute', 10 July 1945 (Papers Past); Dawn10
- Aslam Sher Khan, 'To Hell With Hockey', at bharatiyahockey.org; bharatiyahockey.org, 'Golden Olympic Moments: 1936'; Scroll on 197510