Saltar al contenido
Insporta Book
es
EnglishРусскийDeutschEspañolEestiSuomiItalianoFrançaisPolski日本語한국어中文
FútbolCríquetFútbol salaTriatlónTenisGolfPatinaje artísticoBaloncestoVoleibolRugbyBéisbolMetodologíaPor qué funcionaHacer un test

Béisbol · Datos interesantes

Chapter 4: Clubs & Ballparks

10 tests · 100 datos · actualizado el 28 de octubre de 2026 · markdown

The quirks of baseball's homes: Fenway, Wrigley, Yankee Stadium and Coors Field, domes and roofs, minor league names, famous stands, ballpark oddities, spring training towns and the people ballparks were named after.

4.41Fenway Park

The quirks of baseball's oldest major league park.

Test 1Fenway ParkHacer un test

  1. He joked that his team-mate's short homers curled round it.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  2. The dots and dashes spell the Yawkeys' initials.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  3. Boston treats it as a landmark.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  4. The park was built in the Fens district of Boston.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  5. They quickly became some of the most sought-after seats.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  6. Groundskeepers once used it to fetch balls from the screen.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  7. The inside of the wall is covered with signatures.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  8. 1912, 1965, then 2003.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  9. It is still run by hand.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · recuerdo

  10. Pesky hit only six homers at Fenway in his career.

    Fuente: Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records · aplicación

4.42Wrigley Field

The Cubs' home on Chicago's North Side.

Test 1Wrigley FieldHacer un test

  1. Workers inside slot the numbers in.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  2. Some long drives have come close.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  3. Seats are built on the buildings along Waveland and Sheffield avenues.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  4. The park took the owner's name in 1926.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  5. He loved playing at home.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  6. On some days fly balls die, on others they fly out.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  7. The neighbourhood fills up on game days.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  8. 1914, 1926, then 1937.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  9. The flag tells passers-by how the game went.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · recuerdo

  10. A blue flag with a white L is flown after a loss.

    Fuente: Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission · aplicación

4.43Yankee Stadium and Monument Park

Monuments, numbers and a famous logo.

Test 1Yankee Stadium and Monument ParkHacer un test

  1. The Yankees' manager had died in 1929.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  2. Fielders sometimes had to chase balls around them.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  3. The old stadium was then knocked down.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  4. Jeter wore number 2.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  5. It was made for a police medal in 1877.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  6. Its arches are a symbol of the club.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  7. Gehrig's had been dedicated in 1941.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  8. 1932, 1949, 2009, then 2017.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  9. Each fielder gets his turn.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  10. The fans who do it are known as the Bleacher Creatures.

    Fuente: New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project · aplicación

4.44Coors Field

Denver's ballpark: fossils, crowds and a big outfield.

Test 1Coors FieldHacer un test

  1. The find inspired the club's mascot.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  2. The Rockies had played their first two seasons elsewhere.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  3. Nearly 4.5 million fans came to the football stadium.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  4. Balls carry further in Denver's thin air.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  5. They have long been among the cheapest tickets in baseball.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  6. The run carried them to the World Series.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  7. The brewery has stood there since 1873.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  8. 1993, 1995, 2007, then 2014.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  9. Boston swept them in the final.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · recuerdo

  10. He is called Dinger.

    Fuente: Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993) · aplicación

4.45Domes and Roofs

Eighth wonders, catwalks and a hotel above the outfield.

Test 1Domes and roofsHacer un test

  1. It was the first domed stadium in the majors.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  2. The Yankees played the Astros in the opening game.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  3. Without the light the grass soon died.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  4. Special ground rules cover balls that hit them.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  5. It looked like a giant rubbish bag.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  6. Fans went through revolving doors to keep the air in.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  7. It works like an umbrella over the field.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  8. 1965, 1982, 1989, then 1999.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  9. The new surface became famous worldwide.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · recuerdo

  10. It opened in 1989 as SkyDome, with a hotel built in.

    Fuente: Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project · aplicación

4.46Minor League Club Names

Isotopes, Biscuits, Trash Pandas and more.

Test 1Minor league club namesHacer un test

  1. In a 2001 episode the Springfield Isotopes tried to move to Albuquerque.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  2. The actor Jamie Farr came from Toledo.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  3. Hartford has a long railway history.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  4. Lansing has long built cars.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  5. Fans chose the name in a vote.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  6. Akron was once the rubber capital of the world.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  7. The Chihuahuas play in the Pacific Coast League.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  8. 1896, 2003, 2017, then 2021, the Trash Pandas' first season.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  9. Odd names sell caps across the country.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · recuerdo

  10. They began play in 2021.

    Fuente: Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville · aplicación

4.47Famous Seats and Stands

Bluffs, bums, cowbells and a drum.

Test 1Famous seats and standsHacer un test

  1. The cliff looked down into the park.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  2. He began drumming in 1973.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  3. She was one of the best-known fans of her day.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  4. Its amateur musicians played to mock opposing players.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  5. It jutted out about ten feet over the lower deck.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  6. A play about them opened in 1977.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  7. They wore matching shirts and stood on two strikes.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  8. The early 1900s, the 1930s, 1973, then 2011.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  9. The section was created for one pitcher.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · recuerdo

  10. The Dodgers' fans were known for their noise.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court · aplicación

4.48Ballpark Oddities

Fountains, apples, trains and a slide.

Test 1Ballpark odditiesHacer un test

  1. The Royals' park has had them since 1973.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  2. It was later moved to the plaza outside.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  3. The old one from Shea Stadium stands outside.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  4. Fans walk across the river to the park.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  5. They recall the boats of the Ohio River.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  6. The brick building was kept when the park was built.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  7. It recalls the railway station that stood on the site.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  8. 1973, 2001, 2004, then 2009.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  9. The tradition began at Shea Stadium in 1980.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · recuerdo

  10. Bernie Brewer has slid down after homers for decades.

    Fuente: Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers) · aplicación

4.49Spring Training Homes

The towns where clubs have trained for decades.

Test 1Spring training homesHacer un test

  1. They play at Joker Marchant Stadium.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  2. It is the only spring home they have known.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  3. Cubs fans flee the Chicago winter in large numbers.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  4. The Diamondbacks and Rockies share it.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  5. Their spring park has had several names.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  6. Fans can see two games in a day.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  7. They have trained there since 1988.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  8. 1934, 1947, 1977, then 2011.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  9. The parks are close together.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · recuerdo

  10. Fans call it 'Fenway South'.

    Fuente: Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com · aplicación

4.50Who Ballparks Were Named After

Owners, families and a lawyer behind the names.

Test 1Who ballparks were named afterHacer un test

  1. Ewing Kauffman had made his fortune in medicines.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  2. The Busch family owned the club for decades.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  3. He also owned the Reds.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  4. It was later renamed after sponsors.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  5. It was later called Tiger Stadium.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  6. The Braves played there from 1997 to 2016.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  7. The old park stood until 1991.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  8. 1913, 1934, 1964, then 1993.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  9. Kansas City, St. Louis, Chicago, then Cleveland.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · recuerdo

  10. The Mets played at Shea Stadium from 1964 to 2008.

    Fuente: SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves) · aplicación

Fuentes

Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: the National Baseball Hall of Fame, MLB and its clubs, the WBSC, SABR's BioProject, the Library of Congress, Guinness World Records, makers' and leagues' own histories and named reputable media.

  • Boston Red Sox, 'Fenway Park history and features' (mlb.com/redsox); SABR Ballparks Project, Fenway Park; City of Boston landmarks records10
  • Chicago Cubs, 'Wrigley Field history' (mlb.com/cubs); SABR Ballparks Project, Wrigley Field; Chicago Landmarks Commission10
  • New York Yankees, 'Monument Park' and Yankee Stadium history (mlb.com/yankees); SABR Ballparks Project10
  • Colorado Rockies, 'Coors Field facts' and Dinger history (mlb.com/rockies); MLB.com attendance records (1993)10
  • Houston Astros on the Astrodome; Tampa Bay Rays ground rules; Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays ballpark guides; SABR Ballparks Project10
  • Minor League Baseball (milb.com) club histories: Albuquerque, Toledo, Hartford, Lansing, Rocket City, Akron, El Paso, Jacksonville10
  • SABR Ballparks Project (Polo Grounds, Ebbets Field, Tiger Stadium, Wrigley Field); Cleveland Guardians on John Adams; Seattle Mariners on the King's Court10
  • Club ballpark guides on MLB.com (Royals, Marlins, Mets, Pirates, Reds, Padres, Astros, Brewers)10
  • Grapefruit League and Cactus League guides (floridagrapefruitleague.com, cactusleague.com); club spring training histories on MLB.com10
  • SABR Ballparks Project; club histories on MLB.com (Royals, Cardinals, Mets, Reds, White Sox, Guardians, Tigers, Braves)10