基本のスキル

Feet about shoulder-width apart give a stable base for moving quickly in any direction.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

Weight forward on the balls of the feet lets the player push off straight away.

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Arms ready in front of the body can form a pass quickly.

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Bent knees and a low body make the first step to the ball quicker.

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Being ready before the opponent's contact gives time to read and react.

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A small hop, timed with the opponent's contact, leaves the player balanced and ready to move.

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Facing the server lets the receiver see the toss and the ball's flight from the start.

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Build the position from the base upwards.

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Get ready, watch the toss, read the flight, then move.

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B has the feet apart, knees bent, weight forward and arms out in front.

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The forearm pass is often called a bump.

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Wrapping one hand in the other with the thumbs level keeps the forearms even.

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The arms finish toward the target, so the ball goes where they point.

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The ball comes off a steady pair of forearms; the legs, not a big swing, add any force.

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The platform is the flat surface made by the two forearms side by side.

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Fast or low balls, like serves and attacks, are played with the forearms.

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Bent elbows make an uneven surface and the ball shoots off at an angle.

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Get behind the ball, form the platform, make contact and finish toward the target.

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The movement starts from the legs and ends at the forearms that meet the ball.

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The ball should meet the flat inside of the forearms, above the wrists.

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The ball is played off the pads of the fingers and thumbs.

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On the beach, hand sets must be very clean, so many players bump-set instead.

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Thumbs and forefingers form a window above the forehead that the player looks through.

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The setter plays the second ball, usually with an overhead pass.

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The ball has to rebound; held too long, it is a catch.

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The whole body extends upward and forward through the ball.

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Ten fingers give much finer control over direction and height.

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Get under it, hands up, take it on the fingers, then extend to the target.

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Digs are lowest, forearm passes at the waist, overhead passes above the head.

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Hands above the forehead and fingers spread: an overhead pass, or set.

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The underhand serve is easy to learn, so it suits beginners and children.

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The non-hitting hand holds the ball low in front while the hitting arm swings.

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A firm heel of the hand or closed fist gives a solid contact.

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The straight arm swings back and through, like a pendulum, below the shoulder.

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The foot opposite the hitting arm steps forward, giving balance and room to swing.

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Without a toss and a high swing, there is much less to get right.

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Getting the serve in comes first; aiming at zones comes later.

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Stance, hold, backswing and the forward swing through the ball.

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From the simplest serve to the most athletic.

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A low, pendulum swing under the ball is the underhand serve.

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The service zone runs back to the end of the free zone, so servers choose their distance.

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With almost no spin, the ball moves unpredictably in the air, like a knuckleball.

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Topspin makes the ball dive down at the end of its flight.

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The server tosses, runs in and hits the ball in the air, like a spike.

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A firm, short hit through the middle of the ball gives almost no spin.

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With the ball behind the head, the server cannot swing forward through it.

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A serve that scores directly is an ace.

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Stance, toss, backswing and contact.

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The toss comes first, then the run-up and jump, and the hit at the top.

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A toss in front of the hitting shoulder lets the server swing forward through the ball.

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A right-hander's approach usually has three or four steps, with the last two right then left.

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Swinging the arms back and then up drives the jump.

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The highest point in front of the hitting shoulder gives power and a downward angle.

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A wrist snap over the ball adds topspin and drives it downward.

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Instead of hitting hard, the attacker places the ball softly into an open spot.

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The run-up turns forward speed into a higher jump.

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A two-foot landing spreads the force and lowers the risk of injury.

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Approach, jump, swing, contact and landing.

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Both arms drive the jump, then the hitting arm cocks and strikes.

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Hitting the ball hard downward from the top of a jump at the net is a spike, or attack hit.

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A blocker waits close to the net, square to it, ready to jump.

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Spread, firm hands reaching over the net take up as much space as possible.

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The hitter jumps from further away, so the blocker usually goes a split second later.

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One, two or three front-row players can block together.

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Tilting the hands back deflects the ball upward so a team-mate can play it.

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Firm hands send the ball back instead of letting it break through.

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Turning toward the ball lets the blocker join the next play.

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Read, move, jump, reach over and land.

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One, two or three blockers.

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Two players jump side by side: a double block.

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A dig is a defensive play that saves an attacked ball from hitting the floor.

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Most digs are forearm passes played low and fast.

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A low, ready body reaches fast, low balls in time.

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The defender slides a flat hand under the ball so it bounces up off the back of the hand.

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A high dig to the middle gives the setter time to reach it.

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The libero is a defensive specialist who plays mostly in the back row.

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The approach and arm swing give clues to the direction of the hit.

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Read, get low, get under it and lift it high.

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A good dig gives the team a chance to attack back.

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D is low, with the forearms joined under the ball: a dig.

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Shuffle steps keep the body facing the ball and the feet ready to stop.

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For longer distances players turn and run, or use crossover steps.

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A balanced, stopped body plays the ball more accurately than one still moving.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

A clear call stops two players from colliding or leaving the ball between them.

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Facing the target makes an accurate pass much easier.

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Every player moves for the next play or covers in case the ball goes astray.

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A short ball needs a quick run forward and a low body to play it.

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Read, move, stop and then pass.

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Shuffle for a short move, crossover for further, sprint for the longest.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 応用

B is nearest to the ball and should call it and pass it.

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A warm-up raises body temperature and gets the skills and timing ready.

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Players sweat a lot, and staying hydrated keeps them sharp.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

The warm-up at the net is for hitting and serving with the real net and ball.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

Starting easy and building up prepares the body for full effort without strain.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

A few serves just before the start give servers their feel for the ball and hall.

出典：FIVB Coaches Manual (Level I), general coaching references · 想起

Light throwing and swinging warm the shoulders before hard hitting.

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Teams share or take turns at the net in the minutes before the first serve.

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From light movement to ball control, then hitting, then serving.

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Pass, set, hit and dig, then the roles keep turning over.

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Pepper is the classic warm-up of pass, set and hit between two players.

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