Law 31: Official Hand Signals

Authorisation to serve: a movement of the hand showing the direction of the service.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (1), 12.3 · richiamo

Team to serve: the referee extends his arm to the side of the team that will serve.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (2), 22.2.3.1 · richiamo

Change of courts: the forearms are raised in front and behind and twisted around the body.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (3), 18.2 · richiamo

Time-out: the palm of one hand over the fingers of the other, held vertically, then the requesting team.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (4), 15.4.1 · richiamo

Substitution: a circular motion of the forearms around each other.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (5), 15.5.1 · richiamo

The request starts when the substitute, ready to play, enters the substitution zone during an interruption.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 15.10.3.1 · richiamo

The coach's substitution hand signal is needed for an injury, or before the start of the set.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 15.10.3.1, 15.5.2 · applicazione

Crossed forearms in front of the chest, hands open, is the end of set (or match) signal.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (9), 6.2, 6.3 · applicazione

The buzzer comes before the coach's hand signal; the referee then shows the T and the requesting team.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 15.4.1, Diagram 11 (4) · applicazione

At 8 points in the deciding set the teams change courts at once and keep their positions.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 18.2.2, Diagram 11 (3) · applicazione

Delay warning: the wrist is covered with a yellow card.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (25), 16.2.2 · richiamo

A second delay brings a delay penalty: the wrist covered with a red card.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (25), 16.2.3 · applicazione

For a delay the referee lays the card over his wrist; for misconduct he simply shows the card.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (6a, 6b, 25) · applicazione

Delay in service: eight fingers, spread open.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (11), 12.4.4 · richiamo

The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the 1st referee's whistle.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 12.4.4, Diagram 11 (11) · applicazione

Ball not tossed or released at the service hit: the extended arm is lifted, palm upwards.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (10), 12.4.1 · richiamo

Delay warnings and delay penalties may be given to any member of the team.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 16.2, Diagram 9 · richiamo

A red card laid over the wrist is the delay penalty; a red card simply shown is a misconduct penalty.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (25), 16.2.3 · applicazione

The first delay brings a delay warning, any later one a delay penalty.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 16.2, Diagram 11 (25) · applicazione

Over 8 seconds is a service fault, so the receiving team serves next and the 8-finger sign follows.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 12.4.4, 22.2.3.1 · applicazione

Positional or rotational fault: a circular motion of the forefinger.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (13), 7.5, 7.7 · richiamo

Catch: the forearm is lifted slowly with the palm facing upwards.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (16), 9.2.2 · applicazione

Two fingers spread open is the double contact signal.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (17), 9.3.4 · richiamo

Four hits: four fingers spread open.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (18), 9.3.1 · richiamo

Attack hit fault: a downward motion of the forearm with the hand open.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (21), 13.3.3 · richiamo

Double fault and replay: both thumbs raised vertically.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (23), 17.2 · applicazione

Ball touched: the palm of one hand brushes the fingers of the other, held vertically.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (24), 24.2.2 · richiamo

Both arms straight up with the palms forward is the blocking fault or screening signal; ball out uses the forearms.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (12), 12.5, 14.6 · applicazione

After the whistle the 1st referee shows the team to serve, the nature of the fault, then the player.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 22.2.3.1, Diagram 11 (17) · applicazione

Hitting the ball without a toss or release is a service fault; the nature signal comes after the team to serve.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 12.4.1, 22.2.3.1 · applicazione

Ball in: the arm and fingers point toward the floor.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (14), 8.3 · richiamo

Ball out: the forearms raised vertically, hands open, palms towards the body.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (15), 8.4 · richiamo

Net touched by a player: the referee indicates the relevant side of the net with the corresponding hand.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (19), 11.4.4 · applicazione

The same signal covers a serve that touches the net between the antennae and does not pass the net's plane.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (19), 12.6.2.1 · richiamo

Reaching beyond the net: a hand placed above the net with the palm facing down.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (20), 11.4.1 · richiamo

Signal 22 points to the centre line or the relevant line for those faults.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (22), 8.4.5, 11.2.2 · richiamo

A server touching the court (end line) at the hit is shown by pointing to that line.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (22), 12.4.3 · applicazione

Pointing to the centre line shows penetration into the opponent court or a ball through the lower space.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Diagram 11 (22), 11.2.2 · applicazione

Team B wins the rally; the team to serve comes before the ball-out signal.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 22.2.3.1, Diagram 11 (15) · applicazione

On his own whistle the 2nd referee signals what and who, and copies the 1st referee's choice of server.

Fonte: FIVB OVR 2025-2028, Rule 22.2.3.2, Diagram 11 (19) · applicazione