Pallavolo · Livello 2: Elementare · Sottolivello 2.2
Passing and Receiving
10 test · 100 fatti · aggiornato il 25 ottobre 2026 · markdown
Reading the server, the platform angle, passing to target, float and hard serves, overhead receiving, passing on the move, free and down balls, communication and passing drills.
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Test 1Reading the serverFai un test
A high, forward toss means a jump serve; a low one in front means a float.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A serve from the corner comes at a different angle from one in the middle.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
The line of the shoulders and the swing point toward where the serve will go.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Moving early leaves time to stop and set the platform.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A balanced, ready body can push off in any direction once the serve is read.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Reading is judging where the ball will go from the first clues.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A jump serve comes faster and deeper, so receivers usually drop back a step.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Toss, swing, path, then movement and the platform.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The faster the serve, the less time to read and move.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
A high, forward toss and a run-up mean a jump serve.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 2The platform angleFai un test
The ball rebounds off the platform at an angle, like a ball off a wall.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Lowering the body keeps the arms in the same position relative to the target.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A platform facing the ceiling sends the ball up and over the passer's head.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A downward platform drives the ball low, often into the net.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Joining the arms at the last moment leaves an uneven, moving surface.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Bringing the shoulders forward squeezes the forearms into a flat platform.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Thumbs down rolls the forearms so their flat sides face the ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Read, move, angle and let the ball come off the platform.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The more the platform faces up, the higher the ball goes.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The ball rebounds the way the platform faces, here to her left.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 3Passing to targetFai un test
The setter takes the second ball, so the pass goes to the setter's spot.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A pass right on the net leaves the setter cramped and lets blockers reach it.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A pass with some height lets the setter arrive and set from under the ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A 3 is a perfect pass that leaves the setter every option.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A 0 means the rally is lost on the pass, by an ace or an unplayable ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A soft arc slows the ball down so the setter can get under it.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A visible target turns passing into aiming.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
From an ace or lost ball up to a perfect pass.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
A perfect pass lets the team run its fastest attack.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The target is near the net, a little to the right of centre, where the setter waits.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 4Passing a float serveFai un test
Late movement catches passers who arrive just in time.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Staying light lets the passer make small last-moment steps.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
In front of the body the platform is easiest to aim.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Most of the float's movement happens late in its flight.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Weight forward means the first step toward a dropping ball is quick.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Reaching leaves the platform at a bad angle, so the ball sprays off.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Arriving early leaves time to react to late movement.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Early reading and movement, then small late adjustments.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
A spinning serve follows a steady curve; a float moves unpredictably.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Early arrival and light feet allow the late adjustment the float needs.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 5Passing a hard serveFai un test
Giving slightly with the platform absorbs pace so the pass stays on the court.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Meeting it in front keeps the platform in control.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Against a fast serve, a still platform aimed at the target does the work.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Powerful serves miss long often, so a quick call saves a team-mate touching an out ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Teams hide the setter and middles and let their best passers receive.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Turning away twists the platform and sends the ball off target.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Deep, fast serves are hard to play when moving backward.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Read early, set the feet, keep the platform still and soften the contact.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Jump topspin serves are fastest, standing floats slowest.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
A serving machine sends identical balls, so receivers get many repetitions.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 6Overhead receivingFai un test
Some receivers take high float serves with an overhead pass instead of the forearms.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
With the fingers, the ball must rebound cleanly; a held ball is a catch.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A float arriving high is easier to play with the hands than to drop under.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Hands struggle to play a very fast ball cleanly.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
The same window shape as a set, above the forehead.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Fingers control the ball finely, so the pass often lands right on target.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
The forearm pass copes with fast and low serves that the hands cannot.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Read, get under, hands up and send it to the setter.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The slower and higher the serve, the better it suits the hands.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
High floats are the serves that are often received overhead.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 7Passing on the moveFai un test
When there is no time to stop, the passer plays the ball on the move.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A platform held beside the body, tilted to the target, can still send it up.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
From the side, small errors in angle send the ball well off target.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Arms swing naturally when running; the platform is formed at the end.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Hips toward the target line up the platform with it.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
After passing short, a hitter backs off to have room for an approach.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Most serves and attacks make the passer move, so practice should too.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Read, move freely, form the platform late and aim it.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The further the passer has to move, the harder the pass.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Wherever the passer has to go, the pass still goes to the setter's target.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 8Free balls and down ballsFai un test
A free ball is a chance to pass perfectly to the setter.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
With an easy ball there is time to use the more precise overhead pass.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A down ball is attacked from a standing position, so it comes faster.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
The setter needs to be at the target before the pass arrives.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
When no attack is possible, a safe free ball keeps the rally going.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
An easy ball means a perfect pass and every attack option.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A down ball is not blocked, so the team defends a bit deeper.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Free balls are easy, down balls harder, spikes hardest.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Make room, get the setter ready, pass, attack.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Backing off the net gives the hitters room for their run-up.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 9Communication in receiveFai un test
The passer's eyes are on the ball, not the lines, so team-mates help judge.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Clear seam rules stop two players going for the same ball, or neither.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Teams give their best passer the biggest share of the serves.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
An 'out' call tells team-mates to leave the ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Agreeing in advance means nobody has to think during the rally.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
When the setter cannot reach the second ball, 'help' asks someone else to set.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Without calls, receivers collide or leave the ball between them.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Plan, call, pass and keep talking.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The play is set before the serve; the call comes as the ball flies.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
The player who calls takes the ball; the other gets out of the way.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Test 10Esercizi di passaggioFai un test
Players serve, pass and rotate to the next line in a figure-of-eight pattern.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A number for every pass shows how well each passer is doing.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Only real serves have the speed and movement passers meet in matches.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
An easy throw lets players focus on the platform before facing serves.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A streak target adds pressure, like a close set.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
Many good repetitions with full attention beat long, tired drills.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
A real setter shows whether the pass can be turned into an attack.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · richiamo
From controlled tosses to real serves and finally game play.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Serve, move, pass and follow the ball.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Wall passing builds a steady platform and ball control without a partner.
Fonte: FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references · applicazione
Fonti
FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II) and general coaching references; original questions authored, nothing reproduced. Numbered FIVB rules belong to the Rules category.
- FIVB Coaches Manual (Levels I-II), general coaching references100