位置与阵型

阵型带来秩序，并在十一名队员之间分配任务。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，青少年队的战术 · 记忆

前锋、中场、后卫和守门员。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 记忆

Defenders sit between the midfield and the goalkeeper, so the back line is the last outfield line before the keeper.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，青少年队的战术 · 记忆

Length is how far apart the lines stand from back to front; width is how widely players spread across the field. A good system uses both.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 记忆

With players well spread in length and width, the team can change from attacking to defending without being caught out of shape.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 记忆

这取决于可用的队员和对手预期的比赛计划。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，青少年队的战术 · 记忆

Line tactics are the joint actions of one line, such as the defenders moving up or dropping back together.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，战术 · 记忆

Play runs from the goal being attacked back to your own: strikers up front, then midfield and defence, with the goalkeeper last.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 记忆

一名队员、一个小组、整支球队。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，战术 · 记忆

Strikers play highest up the field, so the line closest to the opponents' goal is the striker line.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 应用

The keeper stands behind every defender, so once the ball gets past them the keeper is the only player left to stop a goal.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

From the back the keeper sees the whole field and calls to defenders where to stand and whom to pick up.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Seeing the whole play from behind, the keeper can also tell team-mates when to push up and where space is open.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Older goalkeepers add leadership: coming out to narrow the angle and organising the defenders in front of them.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，第1阶段 · 记忆

Older keepers face lifted shots as well as ground ones, so they must be ready to react to both.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，第1阶段 · 记忆

Besides stopping a shot with the pads, the keeper can clear the ball away with the stick so that it does not stay in danger.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，第1阶段 · 记忆

Standing at the back with the whole field ahead, the keeper sees play develop and can warn the defence early.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide · 记忆

Organising comes first while the ball is far away; the keeper must be set before the shot and clear it to the side after saving so no rebound is left.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

先是移动，再是选位角度，然后是指挥防线。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，技术计划 · 应用

Pointing and calling while the ball is upfield is the keeper organising the defence, not preparing for a shot.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

The sweeper is the free defender: no opponent to mark, so the player can read the game and cover the others.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，术语表 · 记忆

自由后卫为其他后卫提供保护和纵深。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

The sweeper has no regular opponent, so when an extra attacker breaks past the defenders the sweeper picks that player up.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Without a marking job the sweeper is free to step forward with the ball and add a player to the midfield.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

中场身后的自由人帮助控球，并让防线压得更靠前。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，阵型1 · 记忆

Each defender then marks one attacker with nobody behind, so a single beaten defender leaves a free run at goal.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，阵型1 · 记忆

后卫始终有人保护，对手的活动空间受到限制。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，阵型1 · 记忆

A sweeper starts as cover; once the ball is won, the same free role lets the player step up and start the attack.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

The sweeper behind the defenders gives cover to all of them; the other two set-ups leave the back line with less cover or none.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，阵型1 · 记忆

Standing deep behind the other defenders with no opponent to mark is the sweeper's free role: covering team-mates rather than following a player.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，术语表 · 应用

The central defender plays opposite the opposing centre striker, the most direct threat in the middle.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

高位后卫可以上前逼抢突破上来的对手。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

中锋并不总是留意反手一侧的防守。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

With the ball, the centre back can carry it forward into midfield, giving the team an extra player there.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

The back line has a left defender, a centre back and a right defender, so the centre back holds the middle, facing the opposing centre striker.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

在中场身后提供保护，便于接应出球。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

The centre back stands in the middle of the defence, directly in the path of the opposing centre striker, so that is the player to watch.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

A centre back starts by marking, and once the ball is won can carry it into midfield before passing forward.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Seen across the back line, the centre back stands between the left and right defenders.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

Staying close to the centre striker in the middle of the defence is the centre back's marking job.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

The right defender faces the opposing left striker, so while the ball is on that side it marks that player closely.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Pushing the attacker onto the defender's open front stick side gives the defender the strongest tackle.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Away from the ball there is nobody to mark tightly, so the side defender drops back to cover team-mates.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Running or passing along the side-line stretches the opposition, which opens space for the middle.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

边路后卫获得最多的进攻机会。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

Wing defenders play on the flanks, so their opponents are the strikers who play out wide.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，后卫线 · 记忆

An outlet pass is the first pass from the back to an attacker on that side, moving the ball out of defence.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

While the ball is on their side they mark tightly; once it switches to the far side the same defender drops off to cover.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

After winning the ball the side defender uses the side-line for width, plays the outlet pass and then supports the move.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Staying with the left striker near the side-line on that flank is the job of the right defender.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

中路中场是连接进攻与防守的枢纽。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 记忆

Getting behind the ball quickly puts the midfielder between the ball and the goal, so the team is not exposed in the middle.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Pushing attackers left forces them onto the weaker reverse stick, which is easier to defend.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Keeping a triangle with the outside midfielders gives the team passing angles in attack and cover in defence.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Rushing in risks being beaten in the centre, so the midfielder first steers the attacker and waits for a safe moment to tackle.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

If an attacker beats the defender in the middle there is open space to goal, so duels there are avoided.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

By leading into space the midfielder offers a passing option and helps the defenders move the ball out.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

After a turnover the midfielder first gets behind the ball, then limits space, steers the attacker left and tackles only when safe.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

The midfielder shows for the pass, receives, passes to a striker and keeps the triangle so support remains.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Light 6 sits centrally between the back and front lines, joining defence and attack: the centre midfielder.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，十一人制 · 应用

Getting back behind the ball immediately stops a quick counter-attack and rebuilds the team's shape.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Standing inside the striker rather than level with the line gives the pair a triangle with the centre midfielder, and passing angles.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

With the ball on their side they add a player to the attack there, while the far side stays back.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

Away from the ball they are not needed in attack, so they drop back to protect the middle and defend.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

中场队员是重新开球的关键球员：自由击球和边线球。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场队员的角色 · 记忆

When high players pull defenders away, runs from midfield into the gap they leave can break through.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场队员的角色 · 记忆

Seeing a change of possession coming lets these players react before the opponents do.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场队员的角色 · 记忆

After the ball is lost the outside midfielder sprints back first, then picks up an opponent and helps win possession again.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

Midfielders first link with the defence, then pass to the strikers and run into the space those strikers have created.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场队员的角色 · 记忆

A player just behind and inside the right striker, forming the triangle, is the right midfielder.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

In an attacking triangle the point faces your own goal, so the two outside players push up and the centre sits behind them.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

在防守三角形中，三角形的顶点朝向对手。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

通常一人偏重进攻，另一人偏重防守。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

菱形：一名进攻型中路中场和一名防守型中路中场。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

In a one-three the single player sits at the back as a shield in front of the defence, with three ahead.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

In a three-one the single player plays forward of the three, as the link to the strikers.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

In a trough the four are split evenly: two give attacking support and two give defensive cover.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

纵深的中路，两侧平行，然后是前压的中路。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

底部顶点、两侧、上方顶点。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 记忆

后、两侧、前：一个菱形。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，中场线 · 应用

The system decides the number: fewer strikers leave more players in midfield, more strikers give a heavier attack.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋线 · 记忆

A marked striker cannot receive safely, so getting free of the marker gives the passer a clear target.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

Swapping places makes it hard for defenders to know whom they should mark.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

The faster they get there, the fewer defenders are in place, so a shot or pass is more likely to succeed.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

Pressing at once stops the opponents building up and may win the ball high up near their goal.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

Being right in front of the goal gives the best angle for a shot and for deflections.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

The shortest route to goal is straight, so after beating the defender the striker turns inside rather than staying wide.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 记忆

A striker must be free of the marker before receiving, then runs at the circle to finish.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

Strikers first pressure the player with the ball, steer it to one side and, if beaten, drop back behind the ball.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，前锋的角色 · 记忆

A run towards the back-line away from the ball pulls defenders back and opens space in front of them.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，个人任务 · 应用

所有队员都应有机会打各个位置，以增长见识。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，八人制 · 记忆

每个位置都有需要掌握的进攻和防守要点。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，第1阶段 · 记忆

轮换所有位置，以了解各自的战术要求。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，六人制 · 记忆

了解另一个角色，才能成为更出色的进攻者。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide · 记忆

Tactics need skills: a player who cannot control and pass the ball cannot carry out the plan.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，小结 · 记忆

A system only works if every player knows what is expected in their position.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，小结 · 记忆

Practising in game-like situations teaches players to decide as they would in a real match.

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，小结 · 记忆

先多样化，再理解，最后专精。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide · 记忆

比赛的进程使场地和球队不断扩展。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，比赛推进 · 应用

让队员轮换位置，就能学会每一个角色。

来源：KNHB/SAHA Field Hockey Activity Guide，八人制 · 应用